Importin β Negatively Regulates Nuclear Membrane Fusion and Nuclear Pore Complex Assembly (Q37155026)

18 August 2017

Importin beta negatively regulates nuclear membrane fusion and nuclear pore complex assembly (English)

1 reference

18 August 2017

Importin β Negatively Regulates Nuclear Membrane Fusion and Nuclear Pore Complex Assembly (English)

1 reference

Crossref

DOI

10.1091/MBC.E03-05-0275

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1091/MBC.E03-05-0275

20 March 2024

1 reference

10.1091/MBC.E03-05-0275

https://api.crossref.org/works/10.1091/MBC.E03-05-0275

20 March 2024

4

Ella Zimmerman

1 reference

18 August 2017

1

Amnon Harel

1 reference

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?resulttype=core&format=json&query=SRC%3AMED%20AND%20EXT_ID%3A14551248

20 March 2024

author name string

Aurelie Lachish-Zalait

3

1 reference

18 August 2017

Michael Elbaum

5

1 reference

18 August 2017

Rene C. Chan

2

1 reference

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?resulttype=core&format=json&query=SRC%3AMED%20AND%20EXT_ID%3A14551248

20 March 2024

Douglass J. Forbes

6

1 reference

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?resulttype=core&format=json&query=SRC%3AMED%20AND%20EXT_ID%3A14551248

20 March 2024

language of work or name

English

1 reference

National Center for Biotechnology Information

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/esummary.fcgi?db=pubmed&retmode=json&id=14551248

20 March 2024

publication date

7 August 2003

1 reference

full work available at URL

18 August 2017

https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc266759?pdf=render

file format

Portable Document Format

online access status

open access

1 reference

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?resulttype=core&format=json&query=SRC%3AMED%20AND%20EXT_ID%3A14551248

https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC266759

20 March 2024

1 reference

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?resulttype=core&format=json&query=SRC%3AMED%20AND%20EXT_ID%3A14551248

https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC266759?pdf=render

20 March 2024

file format

Portable Document Format

online access status

open access

content deliverer

1 reference

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?resulttype=core&format=json&query=SRC%3AMED%20AND%20EXT_ID%3A14551248

https://doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e03-05-0275

20 March 2024

online access status

open access

1 reference

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?resulttype=core&format=json&query=SRC%3AMED%20AND%20EXT_ID%3A14551248

Molecular Biology of the Cell

20 March 2024

published in

1 reference

18 August 2017

14

1 reference

18 August 2017

11

1 reference

18 August 2017

4387-4396

1 reference

Removal of a Single Pore Subcomplex Results in Vertebrate Nuclei Devoid of Nuclear Pores

18 August 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

The conserved Nup107-160 complex is critical for nuclear pore complex assembly

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

The Ran GTPase cycle is required for yeast nuclear pore complex assembly

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Regulating access to the genome: nucleocytoplasmic transport throughout the cell cycle

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Depletion of a single nucleoporin, Nup107, prevents the assembly of a subset of nucleoporins into the nuclear pore complex

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Deciphering networks of protein interactions at the nuclear pore complex

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Ran GTPase cycle and importins alpha and beta are essential for spindle formation and nuclear envelope assembly in living Caenorhabditis elegans embryos

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

A role for Caenorhabditis elegans importin IMA-2 in germ line and embryonic mitosis

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Proteomic analysis of the mammalian nuclear pore complex

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

The Ran GTPase: theme and variations

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

The cytoplasmic filaments of the nuclear pore complex are dispensable for selective nuclear protein import

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Remodelling the walls of the nucleus

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Interference with the cytoplasmic tail of gp210 disrupts "close apposition" of nuclear membranes and blocks nuclear pore dilation

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Nuclear protein transport

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

The mechanism of inhibition of Ran-dependent nuclear transport by cellular ATP depletion.

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Regulation of nuclear import and export by the GTPase Ran.

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Nuclear lamins: building blocks of nuclear architecture

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Transport into and out of the nucleus

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Novel vertebrate nucleoporins Nup133 and Nup160 play a role in mRNA export

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

The nucleoporin Nup153 is required for nuclear pore basket formation, nuclear pore complex anchoring and import of a subset of nuclear proteins

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

An evolutionarily conserved NPC subcomplex, which redistributes in part to kinetochores in mammalian cells

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Nuclear pore complexes form immobile networks and have a very low turnover in live mammalian cells

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Nuclear pores and nuclear assembly

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Nucleocytoplasmic transport enters the atomic age.

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Gradient of increasing affinity of importin beta for nucleoporins along the pathway of nuclear import

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Roles of Ran-GTP and Ran-GDP in precursor vesicle recruitment and fusion during nuclear envelope assembly in a human cell-free system

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Role of importin-beta in coupling Ran to downstream targets in microtubule assembly

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

The molecular mechanism of transport of macromolecules through nuclear pore complexes

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Structural basis for the interaction between FxFG nucleoporin repeats and importin-beta in nuclear trafficking

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

The yeast nuclear pore complex: composition, architecture, and transport mechanism

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Transport between the cell nucleus and the cytoplasm

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

The nuclear pore complex: from molecular architecture to functional dynamics

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Ran-independent nuclear import of cyclin B1-Cdc2 by importin beta

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Sequential recruitment of NPC proteins to the nuclear periphery at the end of mitosis

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Roles of LAP2 proteins in nuclear assembly and DNA replication: truncated LAP2beta proteins alter lamina assembly, envelope formation, nuclear size, and DNA replication efficiency in Xenopus laevis extracts

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Temporal differences in the appearance of NEP-B78 and an LBR-like protein during Xenopus nuclear envelope reassembly reflect the ordered recruitment of functionally discrete vesicle types

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Major binding sites for the nuclear import receptor are the internal nucleoporin Nup153 and the adjacent nuclear filament protein Tpr

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

The balance of RanBP1 and RCC1 is critical for nuclear assembly and nuclear transport

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Nuclear membrane dynamics and reassembly in living cells: targeting of an inner nuclear membrane protein in interphase and mitosis

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Integral membrane proteins of the nuclear envelope are dispersed throughout the endoplasmic reticulum during mitosis

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Dominant-negative mutants of importin-beta block multiple pathways of import and export through the nuclear pore complex

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Self-organization of microtubules into bipolar spindles around artificial chromosomes in Xenopus egg extracts

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Assembly of the nuclear pore: biochemically distinct steps revealed with NEM, GTP gamma S, and BAPTA

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Integral membrane proteins of the nuclear envelope interact with lamins and chromosomes, and binding is modulated by mitotic phosphorylation

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

In vitro assembly of coiled bodies in Xenopus egg extract

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Reconstituted nuclei depleted of a vertebrate GLFG nuclear pore protein, p97, import but are defective in nuclear growth and replication

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Nuclear pore complex assembly studied with a biochemical assay for annulate lamellae formation

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

RNA polymerase III transcription in synthetic nuclei assembled in vitro from defined DNA templates

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Roles of cytosol and cytoplasmic particles in nuclear envelope assembly and sperm pronuclear formation in cell-free preparations from amphibian eggs

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Initiation of DNA replication in nuclei and purified DNA by a cell-free extract of Xenopus eggs

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Spontaneous assembly of pore complex-containing membranes ("annulate lamellae") in Xenopus egg extract in the absence of chromatin

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

A new family of yeast nuclear pore complex proteins

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Importin beta is a mitotic target of the small GTPase Ran in spindle assembly

6 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Karyopherins in nuclear pore biogenesis: a role for Kap121p in the assembly of Nup53p into nuclear pore complexes

29 September 2017

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

The importin-beta P446L dominant-negative mutant protein loses RanGTP binding ability and blocks the formation of intact nuclear envelope.

27 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

The importin-beta binding domain of snurportin1 is responsible for the Ran- and energy-independent nuclear import of spliceosomal U snRNPs in vitro

27 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

A link between the synthesis of nucleoporins and the biogenesis of the nuclear envelope.

27 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Purification of the vertebrate nuclear pore complex by biochemical criteria

27 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Reconstitution of biochemically altered nuclear pores: transport can be eliminated and restored

27 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

GTP hydrolysis is required for vesicle fusion during nuclear envelope assembly in vitro

27 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Visualization of a Ran-GTP gradient in interphase and mitotic Xenopus egg extracts

27 June 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Role of importin-beta in the control of nuclear envelope assembly by Ran.

3 September 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Cytosolic import factor- and Ran-independent nuclear transport of ribosomal protein L5.

3 September 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Distinct AAA-ATPase p97 complexes function in discrete steps of nuclear assembly.

3 September 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Ran induces spindle assembly by reversing the inhibitory effect of importin alpha on TPX2 activity.

3 September 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

A Ran-independent pathway for export of spliced mRNA.

3 September 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

GTP hydrolysis by Ran is required for nuclear envelope assembly.

3 September 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

The ran GTPase regulates mitotic spindle assembly.

3 September 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Two-way trafficking with Ran.

3 September 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Dimples, pores, star-rings, and thin rings on growing nuclear envelopes: evidence for structural intermediates in nuclear pore complex assembly.

3 September 2018

1 reference

https://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pmc&linkname=pmc_refs_pubmed&retmode=json&id=266759

Nuclear envelope defects associated with LMNA mutations cause dilated cardiomyopathy and Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy

3 September 2018

1 reference

12 December 2020

Concentration of Ran on chromatin induces decondensation, nuclear envelope formation and nuclear pore complex assembly

1 reference

12 December 2020

Spontaneous formation of nucleus-like structures around bacteriophage DNA microinjected into Xenopus eggs

1 reference

12 December 2020

Nuclear reconstitution in vitro: stages of assembly around protein-free DNA

1 reference

12 December 2020

Live fluorescence imaging reveals early recruitment of emerin, LBR, RanBP2, and Nup153 to reforming functional nuclear envelopes

1 reference

12 December 2020

Mapping interactions between nuclear transport factors in living cells reveals pathways through the nuclear pore complex

1 reference

12 December 2020

Chromatin-independent nuclear envelope assembly induced by Ran GTPase in Xenopus egg extracts

1 reference

12 December 2020

Identifiers

DOI

10.1091/MBC.E03-05-0275

1 reference

18 August 2017

1 reference

18 August 2017

1 reference