Help:P2738

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This page is a translated version of the page Help:P2738 and the translation is 27% complete.
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Help page for disjoint union of (P2738) View with SQID. This help page will be included in Property talk:P2738. Please be careful editing it not to break the included page.

As the cases are similar, this page documents both the properties union of (P2737) and disjoint union of (P2738). Both properties are properties for classes or metaclasses, see Classification and Basic membership properties. Disjoint union and union are relationships between a class (say C for example) and a list of its subclasses (say L for the list).

Their purpose is to represent two different but related things:

  1. the union one states that and instance of C is an instance of at least one of the class listed in L.
  2. the disjoint union has the first property but add the constraint that every instance of C is instance of exactly one class in L.

In both cases, all the values in L are listed in a single statement, as qualifiers, using the qualifier list item (P11260), and the main value statement list of values as qualifiers (Q23766486) as a placeholder.

Examples

union of

Radio and TV programs. Some media programs can be both TV programs and Radio programs, like Spelling Bee (Q7575891)  View with Reasonator View with SQID is an example of on Wikidata. But it can be assumed that all broadcasting program (Q11578774)  View with Reasonator View with SQID are at least one of them. (or on the web also ?)

⟨ broadcasting program (Q11578774)  View with Reasonator View with SQID ⟩ union of (P2737) View with SQID ⟨ list of values as qualifiers (Q23766486)  View with Reasonator View with SQID ⟩
list item (P11260) View with SQID ⟨ television program (Q15416)  View with Reasonator View with SQID ⟩
list item (P11260) View with SQID ⟨ radio program (Q1555508)  View with Reasonator View with SQID ⟩

disjoint union of

Merrni grimcat që një atomic nucleus (Q37147) janë bërë. Këto grimca janë quajtur nucleon (Q102165)  View with Reasonator View with SQID. Ka pikërisht dy llojet e nucleons: proton (Q2294)  View with Reasonator View with SQID dhe neutron (Q2348)  View with Reasonator View with SQID. Më të tjera, një të veçantë nucleon (Q102165)  View with Reasonator View with SQID ose mund të jetë një proton ose një neutron, por as një proton dhe as një neutron. Nucleons, protonet dhe neutronet janë të gjitha klasat e objekteve të botës reale, sepse ka shumë raste nucleons në natyrë (shihHelp:Classification and Help:Basic membership properties për më shumë shpjegime)

Pastaj deklaratat e mëposhtme do të thotë pikërisht këtë.

Udhëzime përdorimi të arsyeshme

Është shumë e zakonshme që të rigrupohen objekte apo koncepteve në klasa të ngjashme të objektit apo konceptit në klasa të gjera, atëherë ne më tej të ndamë këto klasa të gjera në klasa të vogla që nuk përputhen dhe të tillë që çdo shembull i klasës së gjerë është një shembull i saktësisht një klas më të vogël. Për shembull, ne mund të përcaktojmë njerëzit që i takojnë një klub sportiv në kategori në bazë të moshës (i vogël, i lartë, ...)

Por në sport, është gjithashtu shumë e zakonshme për të ndarë njerëzit në kategori që nuk kanë lidhje bazuar në gjini, ose kategori bazuar në peshë.

More generally, there is often several useful ways to partition of a set (Q381060) a class of instances. To reflect that on Wikidata we need a way to regroup the classes that divide the class in one way, to regroup the classes that partition into another way, and not to mix things up.

This is how we achieve this : we use one statements per way to partition our main class. Each of these statement uses a dummy value (list of values as qualifiers (Q23766486)) as a main statement value, because what's meaningful and useful is the values for qualifier. The set of classes that partitions the set is indicated by the set of qualifiers built with list item (P11260) View with SQID.

Constraints

It can be checked with a sparql query that no instances of the subject of parent class is instance of none of the classes in a union of statement. The Lua Module Module:Requests/union_of has functions to generate such queries that find the items that do not fit and could be used in some kind of constraint report. They are included in Template:Class reports.