Pathogenesis and diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy (Q37763086)

22 August 2017

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Pathogenesis and diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy (English)

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22 August 2017

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Jasmohan S Bajaj

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22 August 2017

Simon D Taylor-Robinson

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4

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Simon D Taylor-Robinson

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22 August 2017

Mark J W McPhail

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22 August 2017

Howard C Thomas

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22 August 2017

language of work or name

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1 June 2010

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Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology

22 August 2017

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22 August 2017

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22 August 2017

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22 August 2017

365-378

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Hepatic encephalopathy--definition, nomenclature, diagnosis, and quantification: final report of the working party at the 11th World Congresses of Gastroenterology, Vienna, 1998.

22 August 2017

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Liver cirrhosis in Iceland and Sweden: incidence, aetiology and outcomes

21 January 2018

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Auditory P300 event-related potentials and number connection test for evaluation of subclinical hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis of the liver: a follow-up study.

21 January 2018

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Minimal hepatic encephalopathy matters in daily life

21 January 2018

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Identifying the direct effects of ammonia on the brain.

21 January 2018

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The brain in acute liver failure. A tortuous path from hyperammonemia to cerebral edema

21 January 2018

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Low grade cerebral edema and the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis.

21 January 2018

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MRI findings associated with acute liver failure.

21 January 2018

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Radiotracer imaging studies in hepatic encephalopathy: ISHEN practice guidelines

21 January 2018

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The pathophysiologic basis of hepatic encephalopathy: central role for ammonia and inflammation

21 January 2018

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Role of ammonia and inflammation in minimal hepatic encephalopathy.

21 January 2018

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Correlation between ammonia levels and the severity of hepatic encephalopathy.

21 January 2018

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Characteristics of minimal hepatic encephalopathy

21 January 2018

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Minimal hepatic encephalopathy: diagnosis, clinical significance and recommendations

21 January 2018

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Navigation skill impairment: Another dimension of the driving difficulties in minimal hepatic encephalopathy.

21 January 2018

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Patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy have poor insight into their driving skills

21 January 2018

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Hepatic encephalopathy and fitness to drive.

21 January 2018

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Quality of life in cirrhosis is related to potentially treatable factors.

21 January 2018

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The dynamics of ammonia metabolism in man. Effects of liver disease and hyperammonemia

21 January 2018

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Cerebral ammonia metabolism in patients with severe liver disease and minimal hepatic encephalopathy.

21 January 2018

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Cerebral cortex ammonia and glutamine metabolism during liver insufficiency-induced hyperammonemia in the rat

21 January 2018

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Acute insult of ammonia leads to calcium-dependent glutamate release from cultured astrocytes, an effect of pH.

21 January 2018

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Hepatic encephalopathy in chronic liver disease: a clinical manifestation of astrocyte swelling and low-grade cerebral edema?

21 January 2018

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Low myo-inositol and high glutamine levels in brain are associated with neuropsychological deterioration after induced hyperammonemia.

21 January 2018

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Effect of ammonia on astrocytic glutamate uptake/release mechanisms.

21 January 2018

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Hepatic encephalopathy: molecular mechanisms underlying the clinical syndrome.

21 January 2018

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Decreased glutamate transporter (GLT-1) expression in frontal cortex of rats with acute liver failure.

21 January 2018

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The glial glutamate transporter in hyperammonemia and hepatic encephalopathy: relation to energy metabolism and glutamatergic neurotransmission.

21 January 2018

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Pathophysiology of hepatic encephalopathy: The concept of synergism

21 January 2018

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Hyperammonemia increases GABAergic tone in the cerebellum but decreases it in the rat cortex

21 January 2018

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Glutamatergic and gabaergic neurotransmission and neuronal circuits in hepatic encephalopathy

21 January 2018

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Ammonia, the GABA neurotransmitter system, and hepatic encephalopathy

21 January 2018

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Does ammonia contribute to increased GABA-ergic neurotransmission in liver failure?

21 January 2018

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Neurotransmitter receptor imbalances in motor cortex and basal ganglia in hepatic encephalopathy

21 January 2018

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Mechanisms of ammonia-induced astrocyte swelling

21 January 2018

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Systemic inflammatory response syndrome, sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock: incidence, morbidities and outcomes in surgical ICU patients

21 January 2018

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American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine Consensus Conference

21 January 2018

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Antibodies to cachectin/tumor necrosis factor reduce interleukin 1 beta and interleukin 6 appearance during lethal bacteremia

21 January 2018

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Ammonia and the neutrophil in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis

21 January 2018

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Cerebral metabolic disturbances in the brain during acute liver failure: from hyperammonemia to energy failure and proteolysis

21 January 2018

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Secretion of interleukin-1beta by astrocytes mediates endothelin-1 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha effects on human brain microvascular endothelial cell permeability.

21 January 2018

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The psychoneuroimmuno-pathophysiology of cytokine-induced depression in humans

21 January 2018

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The inflammatory & neurodegenerative (I&ND) hypothesis of depression: leads for future research and new drug developments in depression

21 January 2018

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Effects of serotonin and serotonergic agonists and antagonists on the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6.

21 January 2018

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Cytokines and major depression

21 January 2018

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Effects of cytokines and infections on brain neurochemistry

21 January 2018

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Systemic inflammatory response exacerbates the neuropsychological effects of induced hyperammonemia in cirrhosis.

21 January 2018

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In vivo imaging of cerebral "peripheral benzodiazepine binding sites" in patients with hepatic encephalopathy

21 January 2018

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Positron emission tomography imaging of neuroinflammation

21 January 2018

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Cytokines, nitric oxide, and cGMP modulate the permeability of an in vitro model of the human blood-brain barrier

21 January 2018

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Activation of soluble guanylate cyclase by nitric oxide in lymphocytes correlates with minimal hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients.

21 January 2018

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Acute ammonia toxicity is mediated by the NMDA type of glutamate receptors

21 January 2018

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Region selective alterations of soluble guanylate cyclase content and modulation in brain of cirrhotic patients.

21 January 2018

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Effects of chronic manganese exposure on glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmitter markers in the nonhuman primate brain

21 January 2018

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Manganese deposition in basal ganglia structures results from both portal-systemic shunting and liver dysfunction.

21 January 2018

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MR imaging and spectroscopy of the basal ganglia in chronic liver disease: correlation of T1-weighted contrast measurements with abnormalities in proton and phosphorus-31 MR spectra.

21 January 2018

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Fatigue and primary biliary cirrhosis: association of globus pallidus magnetisation transfer ratio measurements with fatigue severity and blood manganese levels.

21 January 2018

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Combined effects of ammonia and manganese on astrocytes in culture

21 January 2018

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Reversible Parkinsonism and T1W pallidal hyperintensities in acute liver failure.

21 January 2018

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Increased levels of pregnenolone and its neuroactive metabolite allopregnanolone in autopsied brain tissue from cirrhotic patients who died in hepatic coma.

21 January 2018

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Increased brain concentrations of a neuroinhibitory steroid in human hepatic encephalopathy

21 January 2018

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Mild hypothermia prevents brain edema and attenuates up-regulation of the astrocytic benzodiazepine receptor in experimental acute liver failure

21 January 2018

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The neurosteroid system: an emerging therapeutic target for hepatic encephalopathy

21 January 2018

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Increased brain concentrations of endogenous (non-benzodiazepine) GABA-A receptor ligands in human hepatic encephalopathy

21 January 2018

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Natural endogenous ligands for benzodiazepine receptors in hepatic encephalopathy

21 January 2018

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Protein tyrosine nitration in hyperammonemia and hepatic encephalopathy

21 January 2018

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Glutamine: a Trojan horse in ammonia neurotoxicity

21 January 2018

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Hypoosmotic swelling and ammonia increase oxidative stress by NADPH oxidase in cultured astrocytes and vital brain slices

21 January 2018

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Simultaneous measurement of water volume and pH in single cells using BCECF and fluorescence imaging microscopy

21 January 2018

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Glutamine in the mechanism of ammonia-induced astrocyte swelling

21 January 2018

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Improvement by acetylcysteine of hemodynamics and oxygen transport in fulminant hepatic failure

21 January 2018

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Astrocyte swelling and protein tyrosine nitration in hepatic encephalopathy

21 January 2018

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Quantitative cerebral water content mapping in hepatic encephalopathy.

21 January 2018

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The development of low-grade cerebral edema in cirrhosis is supported by the evolution of (1)H-magnetic resonance abnormalities after liver transplantation.

21 January 2018

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A global optimisation method for robust affine registration of brain images

21 January 2018

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Normalized accurate measurement of longitudinal brain change.

21 January 2018

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Changes in brain size in hepatic encephalopathy: a coregistered MRI study

21 January 2018

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Reversible cytotoxic edema in a cirrhotic patient following TIPS.

21 January 2018

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Evaluation of mannitol effect in patients with acute hepatic failure and acute-on-chronic liver failure using conventional MRI, diffusion tensor imaging and in-vivo proton MR spectroscopy

21 January 2018

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Measurement of cytotoxic and interstitial components of cerebral edema in acute hepatic failure by diffusion tensor imaging.

21 January 2018

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Diffusion MRI shows increased water apparent diffusion coefficient in the brains of cirrhotics

21 January 2018

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Value of the apparent diffusion coefficient for quantification of low-grade hepatic encephalopathy

21 January 2018

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Noncirrhotic portal vein thrombosis exhibits neuropsychological and MR changes consistent with minimal hepatic encephalopathy.

21 January 2018

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Voxel-based analyses of magnetization transfer imaging of the brain in hepatic encephalopathy

21 January 2018

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Magnetic resonance T2-relaxometry and 2D L-correlated spectroscopy in patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy

21 January 2018

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Selection of patients for liver transplantation and allocation of donated livers in the UK.

21 January 2018

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Neomycin-sorbitol and lactulose in the treatment of acute portal-systemic encephalopathy. A controlled, double-blind clinical trial

21 January 2018

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Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness. A practical scale

21 January 2018

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Neuropsychiatric profile and hyperintense globus pallidus on T1-weighted magnetic resonance images in liver cirrhosis.

21 January 2018

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Evaluation of plasma ammonia levels in patients with acute liver failure and chronic liver disease and its correlation with the severity of hepatic encephalopathy and clinical features of raised intracranial tension.

21 January 2018

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Partial pressure of ammonia versus ammonia in hepatic encephalopathy.

21 January 2018

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Cyclic GMP pathways in hepatic encephalopathy. Neurological and therapeutic implications.

21 January 2018

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Hepatic Coma: The Electroencephalographic Pattern

21 January 2018

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The diagnostic specificity of triphasic wave patterns

21 January 2018

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Electroencephalographic analysis for the assessment of hepatic encephalopathy: comparison of non-parametric and parametric spectral estimation techniques.

21 January 2018

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Brain electrical activity mapping of EEG for the diagnosis of (sub)clinical hepatic encephalopathy in chronic liver disease.

21 January 2018

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Neurophysiological investigations of hepatic encephalopathy: ISHEN practice guidelines.

21 January 2018

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Somatosensory evoked potentials in subclinical portosystemic encephalopathy: a comparison with psychometric tests.

21 January 2018

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Inhibitory control test for the diagnosis of minimal hepatic encephalopathy

21 January 2018

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Critical flicker frequency for quantification of low-grade hepatic encephalopathy.

21 January 2018

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Neuropsychological characterization of hepatic encephalopathy

21 January 2018

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Utility of the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) in patients with end-stage liver disease awaiting liver transplant

21 January 2018

1 reference

Neuropsychological assessment of hepatic encephalopathy: ISHEN practice guidelines

21 January 2018

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Computerized psychometric testing in minimal encephalopathy and modulation by nitrogen challenge and liver transplant.

21 January 2018

1 reference

Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging of liver cirrhosis patients.

21 January 2018

1 reference

Hepatic encephalopathy: a neurochemical, neuroanatomical, and neuropsychological study

21 January 2018

1 reference

Magnetic resonance images of the globus pallidus in patients with idiopathic portal hypertension: a quantitative analysis of the relationship between signal intensity and the grade of portosystemic shunt.

21 January 2018

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Pallidal lesions in patients with liver cirrhosis: clinical and MRI evaluation.

21 January 2018

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Bright basal ganglia in T1-weighted magnetic resonance images are frequent in patients with portal vein thrombosis without liver cirrhosis and not suggestive of hepatic encephalopathy.

21 January 2018

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Proteomics and liver fibrosis: identifying markers of fibrogenesis

21 January 2018

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Metabonomics in hepatic encephalopathy: lucidity emerging from confusion.

21 January 2018

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Protein identification in the post-genome era: the rapid rise of proteomics

21 January 2018

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Metabolomics shows the way to new discoveries

21 January 2018

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Metabolomics: from pattern recognition to biological interpretation

21 January 2018

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Management options for minimal hepatic encephalopathy

21 January 2018

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A 1H nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabonomic approach for grading hepatic encephalopathy and monitoring the effects of therapeutic hypothermia in rats.

21 January 2018

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Incidence and prevalence of cirrhosis in the United Kingdom, 1992–2001: A general population-based study

21 January 2018

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21 January 2018

Identifiers

DOI

10.1586/EGH.10.32

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22 August 2017

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