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Genres of the Performing Arts

The overview table of the genres of the performing arts was originally generated based on an analysis of the categories used by the Swiss Theatre Collection and the categories that were already present on Wikidata. In the process, two classes (categories) were newly created. Further categories may be added if deemed necessary in the context of other data ingests.

Categories used by the Swiss Theatre Collection

The Swiss Theatre Collection distinguishes different genres of the performing arts; a list is provided below. In the case of the "Repertoire des Schauspielhauses", all productions belong to the genres "Sprechtheater" ("spoken theatre") or "Schauspiel mit Musik" ("drama with music").

• Ballett, Bühnentanz: concert dance (Q1020618)   
• Figurentheater: puppetry (Q588750)   
• Jugend-, Kindertheater: youth theatre (Q2416110)
• Kabarett, Kleinkunst, Chanson, Clownerie…: kleinkunst (Q1746926)   
• Musical: musical (Q2743)   
• Opera: opera (Q1344)   
• Operette: operetta (Q170384)   
• Pantomime: mime (Q39818)   
• Rezitation, Rezital, Lesung…: recitation (Q1680700)   
• Sprechtheater (Schauspiel, Drama…): spoken drama (Q39892385)
• Schauspiel mit Musik: drama with music (Q39894018)

Wikidata SPARQL queries – subclasses of dance, theatre, and musical performance

• Sub-classes of "dance": https://w.wiki/bwr
• Sub-classes of "concert dance": https://w.wiki/bwt
• Sub-classes of "theatre": https://w.wiki/bwu
• Sub-classes of "musical performance": https://w.wiki/bwv
• Sub-classes of "theatrical genre": https://w.wiki/bdQ

Overview table – Genres of the Performing Arts (Theatre and Concert Dance)

WDitem	genre1	genre2	genre3	genre4	classification_type	Remarks (discussion)
dance (Q11639)	dance				n/a	Indicated here in order to provide some context to concert dance.
concert dance (Q1020618)	dance	concert dance			performing arts genre	Synonyms: performance dance, theatrical dance Antonym: participation dance (Q7140430)
ballet (Q41425)	dance, theatre, music	concert dance	ballet		performing arts genre (work / performance)
acro dance (Q2603192)	dance, theatre	concert dance	acrobatic dance		performing arts genre
theatre (Q11635)	theatre				performing arts genre (work / performance)
spoken drama (Q39892385)<newly created>	theatre	drama			performing arts genre (work / performance)	de:Schauspiel, Sprechtheater; acting (Q222749)   is not a good match in English, in other languages it would be; definitions should be reviewed. drama fiction (Q21010853) would be a good match in French, but not in English and German. This may require disambiguation.
drama with music (Q39894018)<newly created>	theatre, music	drama	drama with music		performing arts genre (work / performance)
musical theater (Q1370345)	theatre, music	music theatre			performing arts genre (work / performance)
opera (Q1344)	theatre, music	music theatre	opera		performing arts genre (work / performance)
singspiel (Q377258)	theatre, music	music theatre	opera	singspiel	performing arts genre (work)	Should only be used in combination with works (and not in combination with performances or productions)
opéra comique (Q785479)	theatre, music	music theatre	opera	opéra comique	performing arts genre (work)	Should only be used in combination with works (and not in combination with performances or productions)
operetta (Q170384)	theatre, music	music theatre	opera	operetta	performing arts genre (work / performance)
semi-opera (Q2140240)	theatre, music	music theatre	opera	semi-opera	performing arts genre (work)	Should only be used in combination with works (and not in combination with performances or productions)
musical (Q2743)	theatre, music	music theatre	musical		performing arts genre (work / performance)	Is there a hard definition to distinguish between "opera" and "musical"? – In the Broadway database, "opera" seems at times to be considered a subclass of "musical".
puppetry (Q588750)	theatre	puppetry			performing arts genre (work / performance)
kleinkunst (Q1746926)	theatre	kleinkunst			performing arts genre	What relationship with estrada?
cabaret (Q27976507)	theatre	kleinkunst	cabaret		performing arts genre	Note that cabaret (Q131183)    is defined in Wikidata as "event venue", which constitutes a mismatch with regard to the main topic of the related English Wikipedia article.
Kabarett (Q16154635)	theatre	kleinkunst	cabaret	satirical revue	performing arts genre
estrada (Q2472420)	theatre	estrada			performing arts genre	The Russian definition of "estrada" is very similar to the German definition of "Kleinkunst". – Should the two be merged?
clownery (Q4224122)	theatre	estrada	clownery		performing arts genre
vaudeville (Q186286)	theatre				performing arts genre
mime (Q39818)	theatre				performing arts genre
recitation (Q1680700)	recitation				performing arts genre (performance)
musical performance (Q6942562)	music				n/a	Musical performance and concert are just indicated here to provide some context with regard to the oratorio, which is a borderline case, as it is a concert with vocalists singing different character roles.
concert (Q182832)	music	concert			n/a
oratorio (Q85477)	music	concert	oratorio		performing arts genre (work / performance)	Note that the genre "oratorio" is by default a concert performance (see below).

Types of Music Theater Performances

Music theater performances, such as musical or opera performances may be produced as fully staged, scenic performances (with acting, costumes, props and a set design), as semi-staged performances (with acting, but typically without set design and only with a limited number of props and costumes), or as concert performances (without acting and without costumes or set design – the vocalists are just singing their parts). Note that the oratorio (Q85477) as a genre is roughly equivalent to a concert performance of an opera – the main difference being that an opera as a work has originally been intended for fully staged, scenic performances, while an oratorio has not.

Type of Music Theater Performance	Definition	Domain	Property	Primary Type
default (in case of a performance (Q35140) of the genre opera (Q1344) or musical (Q2743))	Fully staged, scenic performance (with acting, costumes, props and a set design)	Performance	instance of (P31)	performance (Q35140)
		Performing Arts Production; Series of Performances	n/a	n/a
semi-staged performance (Q52239285)	semi-staged performance (with acting, but typically without set design and only with a limited number of props and costumes)	Performance	instance of (P31)	semi-staged performance (Q52239285)
		Performing Arts Production; Series of Performances	has part(s) of the class (P2670)	semi-staged performance (Q52239285)
concert performance (Q1486440)	concert performance (without acting and without costumes or set design – the vocalists are dressed up like in a concert and are singing their parts)	Performance	instance of (P31)	concert performance (Q1486440)
		Performing Arts Production; Series of Performances	has part(s) of the class (P2670)	concert performance (Q1486440)

Target Audience

There are some Wikipedia items referring to types of theatre defined by their target audience, such as youth theatre (Q2416110) or Theatre for Early Years (Q18394038)   . The use of these types to characterize theatre productions or performances is discouraged. The property intended public (P2360) should be used instead.

Performance Types

The performance types below were originally derived from the dataset "Repertoire des Schauspielhauses Zürich" and were double checked with the performance types employed in the database of the Swiss Theatre Collection. Further types may be added if deemed necessary for other data ingests.

Designation (de)	Designation (en)	Definition	Domain	Property	Primary Type	Qualifier (Scope)
Uraufführung	world premiere	the very first performance of a dramatic, musical or choreographic work in its original expression	Performance	instance of (P31)	world premiere (Q2500107) (world premiere)	(none)
			Performing Arts Production; Series of Performances	(has premiere type)
Erstaufführung (with reference to a language)	premiere (with reference to a language)	the first performance of a dramatic work in a given language	Performance	instance of (P31)	language premiere (Q40248002)(language premiere)	language
			Performing Arts Production; Series of Performances	(has premiere type)
Erstaufführung (with reference to a country)	premiere (with reference to an administrative territorial entity)	the first performance of a dramatic work in a given country	Performance	instance of (P31)	country premiere (Q40248880)(country premiere)	country
			Performing Arts Production; Series of Performances	(has premiere type)
Erstaufführung (with reference to an administrative territorial entity smaller than a country)	premiere (with reference to an administrative territorial entity)	the first performance of a dramatic work in a given region, town, etc.	Performance	instance of (P31)	local premiere (Q40249084)(local premiere)	administrative territorial entity
			Performing Arts Production; Series of Performances	(has premiere type)
Erstaufführung (without reference or with reference to a particular Expression); Uraufführung (with reference to a particular Expression)	world premiere (without reference or with reference to a particular Expression)	the very first performance of a particular adaptation or translation of a dramatic work	Performance	instance of (P31)	world premiere (Q40249348)(world premiere)	(none)
			Performing Arts Production; Series of Performances	(has premiere type)
Neuinszenierung	new staging, new production	new staging of a stage production that has already been performed before in the same place (based on a different performance plan)	Performing Arts Production; Series of Performances	(has premiere type)	new staging (Q40249579)(new staging)	n/a
Wiederaufnahme	revival, revival production	restaging of a stage production after its original run has closed	Performance	instance of (P31)	revival (Q2568341) (revival)	n/a
			Performing Arts Production; Series of Performances	(has premiere type)
Gastspiel	guest performance	representation(s) of a stage production by an artist or an artists' collective that is not attached to the given venue	Performance	instance of (P31)	guest performance (Q40249767) (guest performance)	n/a
			Series of Performances	has part(s) of the class (P2670)
Freilichtaufführung	outdoor performance	outdoor (stage) performance	Performance	instance of (P31)	outdoor performance (Q40249907)(outdoor performance)	n/a
			Performing Arts Production; Series of Performances	has part(s) of the class (P2670)
Schülervorstellung		stage performance especially targeted at schools, with a special introduction, special explanations, or other forms of mediation in order to facilitate the understanding of the performance by the pupils / students	Performance; Series of Performances	instance of (P31)	special performance for pupils or students (Q40250279)(special performance for pupils or students)	n/a
			Performing arts Production; Series of Performances	has part(s) of the class (P2670)
Matinee, Nachmittagsvorstellung	matinee; morning performance, afternoon performance	stage performance taking place in the morning or in the afternoon (as opposed to soiree, which takes place in the evening)	Performance	instance of (P31)	matinée (Q10772859) (matinee)	n/a

Occupations Typical of the Performing Arts

Note that the focus is on the occupations involved in the production of live events; for movies, music recording, broadcasting, video games, literature, etc. see the respective Wikidata projects. Occupations from adjacent fields that also include elements of live performance, such as strip dancing, wrestling, etc., have not been included. Teaching occupations, such as dancing master, have been excluded from the table as well.

The table below covers occupations that are referred to in Wikidata (as of October 2020); to retrieve them, the Thus, many of the items listed in the table may not only be defined as "occupation", but also as "position".queries below have been used:

• more than 100 times for types of performing artists
• more than 100 times for types of theatre professionals
• more than 500 times for types of writers
• more than 1000 times for types of musicians

A few further occupations have been added for the purpose of completeness.

Types of performing artists by number of instances

SELECT DISTINCT ?type 
 (COUNT(DISTINCT ?instance) AS ?count)
 ?Label_en
 (group_concat(distinct ?occupationType1_en;separator="; ") as ?occupationTypes1_en) 
 (group_concat(distinct ?occupationType2_en;separator="; ") as ?occupationTypes2_en)
 (group_concat(distinct ?occupationType3_en;separator="; ") as ?occupationTypes3_en)
 (group_concat(distinct ?occupationType4_en;separator="; ") as ?occupationTypes4_en)
WHERE {
 ?type wdt:P279* wd:Q713200.
 OPTIONAL { ?instance wdt:P106 ?type }  
 OPTIONAL { ?type rdfs:label ?Label_en . FILTER (lang(?Label_en) = "en") }
 OPTIONAL { ?type wdt:P279+ ?occupationType1 . ?occupationType1 wdt:P279/^wdt:P279 wd:Q713200 . ?occupationType1 rdfs:label ?occupationType1_en . FILTER (lang(?occupationType1_en) = "en") }
 OPTIONAL { ?type wdt:P279+ ?occupationType2 . ?occupationType2 wdt:P279 wd:Q713200 . ?occupationType2 rdfs:label ?occupationType2_en . FILTER (lang(?occupationType2_en) = "en") }
 OPTIONAL { ?type wdt:P279+ ?occupationType3 . ?occupationType3 wdt:P279/wdt:P279 wd:Q713200 . ?occupationType3 rdfs:label ?occupationType3_en . FILTER (lang(?occupationType3_en) = "en") }
 OPTIONAL { ?type wdt:P279+ ?occupationType4 . ?occupationType4 wdt:P279/wdt:P279/wdt:P279 wd:Q713200 . ?occupationType4 rdfs:label ?occupationType4_en . FILTER (lang(?occupationType4_en) = "en") }
}
GROUP BY ?type 						#List all the variables for which the values are not concatenated!
  ?count
  ?Label_en 
ORDER BY DESC(?count)
LIMIT 10000

Try it!

Types of musicians by number of instances

SELECT DISTINCT ?type 
 (COUNT(DISTINCT ?instance) AS ?count)
 ?Label_en
 (group_concat(distinct ?occupationType1_en;separator="; ") as ?occupationTypes1_en) 
 (group_concat(distinct ?occupationType2_en;separator="; ") as ?occupationTypes2_en)
 (group_concat(distinct ?occupationType3_en;separator="; ") as ?occupationTypes3_en)
 (group_concat(distinct ?occupationType4_en;separator="; ") as ?occupationTypes4_en)
WHERE {
 ?type wdt:P279* wd:Q639669.
 OPTIONAL { ?instance wdt:P106 ?type }  
 OPTIONAL { ?type rdfs:label ?Label_en . FILTER (lang(?Label_en) = "en") }
 OPTIONAL { ?type wdt:P279+ ?occupationType1 . ?occupationType1 wdt:P279/^wdt:P279 wd:Q639669 . ?occupationType1 rdfs:label ?occupationType1_en . FILTER (lang(?occupationType1_en) = "en") }
 OPTIONAL { ?type wdt:P279+ ?occupationType2 . ?occupationType2 wdt:P279 wd:Q639669 . ?occupationType2 rdfs:label ?occupationType2_en . FILTER (lang(?occupationType2_en) = "en") }
 OPTIONAL { ?type wdt:P279+ ?occupationType3 . ?occupationType3 wdt:P279/wdt:P279 wd:Q639669 . ?occupationType3 rdfs:label ?occupationType3_en . FILTER (lang(?occupationType3_en) = "en") }
 OPTIONAL { ?type wdt:P279+ ?occupationType4 . ?occupationType4 wdt:P279/wdt:P279/wdt:P279 wd:Q639669 . ?occupationType4 rdfs:label ?occupationType4_en . FILTER (lang(?occupationType4_en) = "en") }
}
GROUP BY ?type 						#List all the variables for which the values are not concatenated!
  ?count
  ?Label_en 
ORDER BY DESC(?count)
LIMIT 10000

Try it!

Types of writers by number of instances

SELECT DISTINCT ?type 
 (COUNT(DISTINCT ?instance) AS ?count)
 ?Label_en
 (group_concat(distinct ?occupationType1_en;separator="; ") as ?occupationTypes1_en) 
 (group_concat(distinct ?occupationType2_en;separator="; ") as ?occupationTypes2_en)
 (group_concat(distinct ?occupationType3_en;separator="; ") as ?occupationTypes3_en)
 (group_concat(distinct ?occupationType4_en;separator="; ") as ?occupationTypes4_en)
WHERE {
 ?type wdt:P279* wd:Q36180.
 OPTIONAL { ?instance wdt:P106 ?type }  
 OPTIONAL { ?type rdfs:label ?Label_en . FILTER (lang(?Label_en) = "en") }
 OPTIONAL { ?type wdt:P279+ ?occupationType1 . ?occupationType1 wdt:P279/^wdt:P279 wd:Q36180 . ?occupationType1 rdfs:label ?occupationType1_en . FILTER (lang(?occupationType1_en) = "en") }
 OPTIONAL { ?type wdt:P279+ ?occupationType2 . ?occupationType2 wdt:P279 wd:Q36180 . ?occupationType2 rdfs:label ?occupationType2_en . FILTER (lang(?occupationType2_en) = "en") }
 OPTIONAL { ?type wdt:P279+ ?occupationType3 . ?occupationType3 wdt:P279/wdt:P279 wd:Q36180 . ?occupationType3 rdfs:label ?occupationType3_en . FILTER (lang(?occupationType3_en) = "en") }
 OPTIONAL { ?type wdt:P279+ ?occupationType4 . ?occupationType4 wdt:P279/wdt:P279/wdt:P279 wd:Q36180 . ?occupationType4 rdfs:label ?occupationType4_en . FILTER (lang(?occupationType4_en) = "en") }
}
GROUP BY ?type 						#List all the variables for which the values are not concatenated!
  ?count
  ?Label_en 
ORDER BY DESC(?count)
LIMIT 100

Try it!

Types of theatre professionals (theatrical occupations) by number of instances

SELECT DISTINCT ?type 
 (COUNT(DISTINCT ?instance) AS ?count)
 ?Label_en
 (group_concat(distinct ?occupationType1_en;separator="; ") as ?occupationTypes1_en) 
 (group_concat(distinct ?occupationType2_en;separator="; ") as ?occupationTypes2_en)
 (group_concat(distinct ?occupationType3_en;separator="; ") as ?occupationTypes3_en)
 (group_concat(distinct ?occupationType4_en;separator="; ") as ?occupationTypes4_en)
WHERE {
 ?type wdt:P31/wdt:P279* wd:Q15839299.
 OPTIONAL { ?instance wdt:P106 ?type }  
 OPTIONAL { ?type rdfs:label ?Label_en . FILTER (lang(?Label_en) = "en") }
 OPTIONAL { ?type wdt:P279+ ?occupationType1 . ?occupationType1 wdt:P279/^wdt:P279 wd:Q15839299 . ?occupationType1 rdfs:label ?occupationType1_en . FILTER (lang(?occupationType1_en) = "en") }
 OPTIONAL { ?type wdt:P279+ ?occupationType2 . ?occupationType2 wdt:P279 wd:Q15839299 . ?occupationType2 rdfs:label ?occupationType2_en . FILTER (lang(?occupationType2_en) = "en") }
 OPTIONAL { ?type wdt:P279+ ?occupationType3 . ?occupationType3 wdt:P279/wdt:P279 wd:Q15839299 . ?occupationType3 rdfs:label ?occupationType3_en . FILTER (lang(?occupationType3_en) = "en") }
 OPTIONAL { ?type wdt:P279+ ?occupationType4 . ?occupationType4 wdt:P279/wdt:P279/wdt:P279 wd:Q15839299 . ?occupationType4 rdfs:label ?occupationType4_en . FILTER (lang(?occupationType4_en) = "en") }
}
GROUP BY ?type 						#List all the variables for which the values are not concatenated!
  ?count
  ?Label_en 
ORDER BY DESC(?count)
LIMIT 10000

Try it!

Types of theatre professionals (theatrical occupations) by number of instances (obsolete)

This query is pretty much obsolete; the data modelling has been corrected for most of the items. To be kept for housekeeping purposes.

SELECT DISTINCT ?type 
 (COUNT(DISTINCT ?instance) AS ?count)
 ?Label_en
 (group_concat(distinct ?occupationType1_en;separator="; ") as ?occupationTypes1_en) 
 (group_concat(distinct ?occupationType2_en;separator="; ") as ?occupationTypes2_en)
 (group_concat(distinct ?occupationType3_en;separator="; ") as ?occupationTypes3_en)
 (group_concat(distinct ?occupationType4_en;separator="; ") as ?occupationTypes4_en)
WHERE {
 ?type wdt:P279* wd:Q15839299.
 OPTIONAL { ?instance wdt:P106 ?type }  
 OPTIONAL { ?type rdfs:label ?Label_en . FILTER (lang(?Label_en) = "en") }
 OPTIONAL { ?type wdt:P279+ ?occupationType1 . ?occupationType1 wdt:P279/^wdt:P279 wd:Q15839299 . ?occupationType1 rdfs:label ?occupationType1_en . FILTER (lang(?occupationType1_en) = "en") }
 OPTIONAL { ?type wdt:P279+ ?occupationType2 . ?occupationType2 wdt:P279 wd:Q15839299 . ?occupationType2 rdfs:label ?occupationType2_en . FILTER (lang(?occupationType2_en) = "en") }
 OPTIONAL { ?type wdt:P279+ ?occupationType3 . ?occupationType3 wdt:P279/wdt:P279 wd:Q15839299 . ?occupationType3 rdfs:label ?occupationType3_en . FILTER (lang(?occupationType3_en) = "en") }
 OPTIONAL { ?type wdt:P279+ ?occupationType4 . ?occupationType4 wdt:P279/wdt:P279/wdt:P279 wd:Q15839299 . ?occupationType4 rdfs:label ?occupationType4_en . FILTER (lang(?occupationType4_en) = "en") }
}
GROUP BY ?type 						#List all the variables for which the values are not concatenated!
  ?count
  ?Label_en 
ORDER BY DESC(?count)
LIMIT 10000

Try it!

Overview Table of Occupations Typical of the Performing Arts

Occupations, positions and roles are distinct work-related concepts, which can easily be confused:

• Occupations denote the kind of work usually performed by a person; they are typically defined by the set of skills and the education/training required for that kind of work;
• Positions refer to a specific employment/mandate relationship between a person and an organization;
• Roles denote contributions of persons to performing arts endeavours (works/productions or events).

Confusion between those concepts can be amplified by homonymy:

• “Stage director” can be both an occupation and a role within a production.
• “Conductor” can be all three: an occupation, a role in a performance, and a position within an orchestra.

Thus, many of the items listed in the table are not only defined as "occupation", but also as "position" (often rightly so, but sometimes the categorization may be disputed - as noted under "remarks").

Furthermore, two columns have been added to list equivalent properties that are used to refer to positions within organizations and to roles in productions/performances respectively.

The comments in the "Remarks" column should eventually translate into action points; see in this regard also the further discussion of data modelling issues.

WD item	field of occupation	occupation type 1	occupation type 2	occupation type 3	occupation type 4	occupation type 5	occupation type 6	description (en)	de	en	nl	es	fr	it	ru	property (position)	property (role)*	Remarks
artist (Q483501)	art	artist						person who engages in any form of artistic creation or practice	Künstler / Künstlerin	artist	kunstenaar		artiste	artista	деятель искусств		-
visual artist (Q3391743)	visual arts	artist	visual artist					artist involved with the visual arts	bildender Künstler / bildende Künstlerin	visual artist	beeldend kunstenaar		plasticien	artista plastico	деятель изобразительного искусства		-	It is not sure whether the visual artist belongs here. Some performing artists (performance artists) are defined as visual artists. Depending on the definition employed, this may not be correct. English Wikipedia: "The visual arts are art forms such as painting, drawing, printmaking, sculpture, ceramics, photography, video, filmmaking, design, crafts, and architecture. Many artistic disciplines such as performing arts, conceptual art, and textile arts also involve aspects of visual arts as well as arts of other types. Also included within the visual arts are the applied arts such as industrial design, graphic design, fashion design, interior design and decorative art." The German, French, Italian, etc. equivalents of "visual arts" explicitely do not include the performing arts.
performing artist (Q713200)	performing arts	artist	performing artist					artist who participates in performing arts in front of an audience: actors, comedians, dancers, magicians, circus artists, musicians, singers	Artist / Artistin	performing artist	uitvoerend kunstenaar		artiste de scène	artista performativo / artista performativa	исполнитель (?)		performer (P175)	Furthermore, the German defintion of "Artist" / "darstellender Künstler" excludes musicians. The same goes for the French "artiste de scène". When looking at the Wikipedia articles that are linked to this item, there are clear mismatches due to the varying extensions of the terms: e.g. de:Artist and sr:Интерпретатор (музика) (music interpreter) are both subclasses of en:performing artist, but they are exclusive of each other. Proposal: Extend the class tree to match concepts properly.
actor (Q33999)	performing arts	artist	performing artist	actor				person who acts in a dramatic or comic production and works in film, television, theatre, or radio	Schauspieler / Schauspielerin	actor / actress	acteur		acteur / actrice	attore / attrice	актёр / актёрша		cast member (P161)	The way most definitions are worded, they refer rather to a role within a play / film and less so to a profession/occupation.
mime artist (Q674067)	performing arts	artist	performing artist	actor	mime artist			someone who uses mime as a theatrical medium or in performance art	Pantomime	mime artist	pantomimespeler		mime	mimo / mima	мим		cast member (P161)
character actor (Q948329)	performing arts	artist	performing artist	actor	character actor			actor who predominantly plays unusual or eccentric characters			karakteracteur						cast member (P161)
impressionist (Q1148872)	performing arts	artist	performing artist	actor	impressionist			performer whose act consists of imitating the voice and mannerisms of others			imitator						cast member (P161)
comedian (Q245068)	performing arts	artist	performing artist	actor	comedian			person who seeks to entertain an audience, primarily by making them laugh	Komiker / Komikerin	comedian	komiek		humoriste	comico / comica	комик		cast member (P161)	In the French definition, the meaning of "auteur de textes humoristiques" should be removed from the item (avoid polysemy).
stand-up comedian (Q18545066)	performing arts	artist	performing artist; visual artist (?)	actor; performance artist (?)	comedian; - (?)	stand-up comedian		comedian of stand-up comedy			stand-upcomedian						cast member (P161)
cabaret performer (Q15214752)	performing arts	artist	performing artist	actor	comedian	cabaret artist		performing artist specialized in cabaret	Kabarettist / Kabarettistin	cabaret artist	cabaretier		artiste de cabaret	cabarettista	артист кабаре / артистка кабаре		cast member (P161)	Most definitions contain the reference to "cabaret"; French doesn't, but refers to "personne qui joue dans des spectacles d'humour". Italian lists both. This is probably another case of polysemy that should be avoided.
vedette (Q3178518)	performing arts	artist	performing artist; musician	actor; dancer	comedian	cabaret artist	vedette	female entertainer with multiple talents for singing, dancing, or acting			vedette		meneuse de revue				cast member (P161)	Some definitions (e.g. es, fr) rather refer to a role in a specific production than to an occupation.
satirist (Q9334029)	performing arts	artist	performing artist	actor	comedian	satirist		author of satirical texts			satiricus						(definition needs clarification)	There is a mismatch between the definition/description (apparently across all the languages) and the position of the item within the class structure. This has to be corrected. The only directly linked WP article is in Polish and uses a broad definition of the term: "A satirist is an artist (more generally an artist) who deals with ridiculing reality or making fun of it. The main means of communication for satirists are: satirical poems or columns; monologues or cabaret sketches; songs; satirical drawings; others." (translated with DeepL)
stage actor (Q2259451)	performing arts	artist	performing artist	actor	stage actor			actor who performs live before an in-person audience			toneelacteur						cast member (P161)
puppeteer (Q2629392)	performing arts	artist	performing artist	actor	stage actor	puppeteer		person who manipulates a puppet in real time to create the illusion of life	Puppenspieler / Puppenspielerin	puppeteer	poppenspeler		marionnettiste	burattinaio / burattinaia	кукольник / кукольница		performer (P175)
kabuki actor (Q48146261)	performing arts	artist	performing artist	actor	stage actor	kabuki actor					kabuki-acteur						cast member (P161)
musical theatre actor (Q1954956)	performing arts	artist	performing artist	actor	stage actor	musical theatre actor		actor and singer performing in musical theatre			musicalacteur						cast member (P161)	The class structure does not reflect the fact that this occupation is at the intersection of stage actor and singer. According to the only Wikipedia article that is linked to this item (in German), the occupation would typically also include dance.
child actor (Q970153)	performing arts	artist	performing artist	actor	child actor			child acting on stage or in motion pictures or television			jeugdacteur						cast member (P161)
acrobat (Q11957145)	performing arts	artist	performing artist	acrobat				performer of acrobatics	Akrobat / Akrobatin	acrobat	acrobaat		acrobate	acrobata	акробат / акробатка		cast member (P161)
dancer (Q5716684)	performing arts	artist	performing artist	dancer				person who dances	Tänzer / Tänzerin	dancer	danser		danseur / danseuse	danzatore / danzatrice	танцор / танцовщица		cast member (P161)	Some definitions refer to a profession/occupation (sometimes without actually defining it); others follow the English example "person who dances", which is a much less specific term that does not designate a profession/occupation. Several Wikipedia articles that are directly linked to the item stress the fact that a dancer is a person who dedicates themselves to the art of dance, be it professionally or as a hobby (es:"persona que se dedica al arte de bailar no solo profesionalmente, sino también como afición"). - This raises the issue of amateur occupations (pretty much all "professional" occupations can also be carried out as "amateur" occupations); what implications does this have for the definition of a "profession" / "occupation"?
ballet dancer (Q805221)	performing arts	artist	performing artist	dancer	ballet dancer			person who practices the art of ballet			balletdanser						cast member (P161)
ballerina (Q4070300)	performing arts	artist	performing artist	dancer	ballet dancer	ballerina		female principal dancer in a ballet company			ballerina						cast member (P161)	The English definition refers not to an occupation, but rather to the position of "prima ballerina". This is however not the case for most other languages. This term has another particularity: There are some typically female professions for which some Wikipedias (in languages with gender-specific nouns) have a separate entry - as opposed to all other professions for which they would use the male form in its gender-neutral usage in the lemma.
performance artist (Q10774753)	performing arts; visual art	artist	performing artist; visual artist	performance artist				person who practices performance art	Performancekünstler / Performancekünstlerin	performance artist	performancekunstenaar		performeur / performeuse	artista performativo / artista performativa	перформансист / перформансистка		performer (P175)	The definition of performance art (Q213156) has serious issues: In English, the term is defined as "artistic performance presented to an audience" (which would include any performance generally associated with the performing arts). The German definition, however, stresses the non-repetitive character of performance art (as opposed to the performing arts). - In order to be in line with the class structure here, that defines "performance artist" as subclass of both "performing artist" and "visual artist", the narrower definition should be applied. As noted above, the term "visual artist" also has definition issues. In some languages the equivalent term refers to art forms that produce an object. Thus, those performance artists, who create an object as a result of their performance, could be considered "visual artists" also according to the German and French definitions. Those who don't would not be considered "visual artists" in that narrower sense of the term. It is therefore doubtful whether "performance art" should be generally subsumed under "visual art".
circus performer (Q17307272)	performing arts; visual art	artist	performing artist; visual artist	performance artist	circus performer				Zirkusdarsteller / Zirkusdarstellerin	circus performer	circusartiest		artiste de cirque	circense	артист цирка / артистка цирка		performer (P175) cast member (P161)	Not necessarily a "performance artist" in the narrow sense of the term. There are currently reasonable definitions only for Spanish and Portuguese. The Italian definition is wrong, and most of the other languages don't have proper definitions.
clown (Q7358)	performing arts; visual art	artist	performing artist; visual artist	performance artist	circus performer	clown		a comic performer often for children's entertainment	Clown / Clownin	clown	clown		clown	paggliaccio / paggliaccia	клоун / клоунесса		performer (P175) cast member (P161)	Not necessarily a "performance artist" in the narrow sense of the term. Not necessarily a "circus performer". Definitions vary across languages. Some describe a profession/occupation, other describe a particular character. Some stress the relation to circus (French, Spanish), others also mention theatre and estrada in addition to circus (Russian). The English and German definitions don't have references to particular genres of the performing arts.
stage magician (Q15855449)	performing arts; visual art	artist	performing artist; illusionist; visual artist	performance artist	magician			entertainer who performs magic by creating the illusion of impossible or supernatural feats	Zauberkünstler / Zauberkünstlerin	magician	goochelaar		magicien / magicienne	prestigiatore	фокусник / фокусница		performer (P175)	Not necessarily a "performance artist" in the narrow sense of the term.
drag queen (Q337084)	performing arts; visual art	artist	performing artist; visual artist	performance artist	drag queen			person who dresses and acts with exaggerated femininity for performance purposes			dragqueen						performer (P175)	Not necessarily a "performance artist" in the narrow sense of the term.
street artist (Q2914170)	performing arts; visual art	artist	performing artist; visual artist	street artist				artist performing in public places, for gratuities			straatartiest						performer (P175)
entertainer (Q138858)	performing arts	artist	performing artist	entertainer				person using acting, singing, etc. to entertain an audience			entertainer						performer (P175)
choreographer (Q2490358)	performing arts	artist; director	choreographer					person who creates choreographies	Choreograf / Choreografin	choreographer	choreograaf		choréographe	coreografo / coreografa	хореограф		choreographer (P1809)
ballet master (Q805253)	performing arts	artist	performing artist	choreographer	ballet master						balletmeester						choreographer (P1809)
répétiteur (Q1784753)	opera dance	artist	musician	pianist	répétiteur			accompanist or coach of ballet dancers or opera singers	Korrepetitor	répétiteur	Correpetitor	répétiteur	répétiteur	répétiteur			choreographer (P1809)
figure skating choreographer (Q55284884)	performing arts	artist	performing artist	choreographer	figure skating choreographer			person who creates choreographies for figure skating			choreograaf in het kunstrijden						choreographer (P1809)
conductor (Q158852)	performing arts; music	artist; director	performing artist; musician; music director	conductor				person who directs a musical group during a performance	Dirigent / Dirigentin	conductor	dirigent		chef d'orchestre / ...	direttore d'orchestra / direttrice d'orchestra	дирижёр / ?		musical conductor (P3300)	According to some
chapelmaster (Q215793)	performing arts; music	artist; director	performing artist; musician; music director	conductor	kapellmeister						kapelmeester					musical conductor (P3300)	-	Doesn't designate an occupation, but rather a position. Varying definitions over time.
choir director (Q1076502)	performing arts; music	artist; director	performing artist; musician; music director	conductor	choir director			person who directs a choir			koordirigent					choral conductor (P5024)	choral conductor (P5024)
bandleader (Q806349)	performing arts; music	artist; director	performing artist; musician; music director	conductor	bandleader			leader of a band of musicians			orkestleider						-	Doesn't necessarily designate an occupation, but rather a position. According to some definitions a sub-class of "entrepreneur".
musician (Q639669)	music	artist	musician					person who composes, conducts or performs music	Musiker / Musikerin	musician	muzikant		musicien / musicienne	musicista	музикант / музикантка		performer (P175); composer (P86); musical conductor (P3300)
jazz musician (Q15981151)	music	artist	musician	jazz musician				musician who plays jazz			jazzmuzikant						performer (P175)
composer (Q36834)	music	artist; creator	musician; author	composer				musician who is an author of music in any form; person who creates music, either by musical notation or oral tradition	Komponist / Komponistin	composer	componist		compositeur / compositrice	compositore / compositrice	композитор / композиторша		composer (P86)
songwriter (Q753110)	music; writing	artist; creator	musician; author	composer	songwriter			person who writes the words or music (or both) to songs			liedschrijver						composer (P86) and/or lyricist (P676)
hymnwriter (Q13424456)	music; writing	artist; creator	musician; author	composer; writer	songwriter; lyricist; religious writer	hymnwriter		person who writes words, or both words and music, for religious songs			hymne-schrijver						composer (P86) and/or lyricist (P676)
singer-songwriter (Q488205)	music; writing	artist; creator	musician; author	composer; vocalist	songwriter; singer	singer-songwriter		a musician who writes, composes and sings their own material			singer-songwriter						performer (P175); composer (P86) and/or lyricist (P676)
music arranger (Q1643514)	music	artist	musician	music arranger				musician who creates arrangements			arrangeur						adapted by (P5202)
vocalist (Q2643890)	music	artist	musician	vocalist				artist using their voice as an instrument			vocalist						performer (P175)
singer (Q177220)	music	artist	musician	vocalist	singer			person singing for a listening audience	Sänger / Sängerin	singer	zanger		chanteur / chanteuse	cantante	певец / певица		performer (P175); cast member (P161)
rapper (Q2252262)	music	artist	musician	vocalist; hip hop musician	rapper			artist who speaks rhymes in a rhythm over music			rapper						performer (P175)
opera singer (Q2865819)	music	artist	musician	vocalist; classical musician	singer; -	opera singer		singer who sings in operas			operazanger						performer (P175)
instrumentalist (Q1278335)	music	artist	musician	instrumentalist				person who plays a musical instrument			instrumentalist						performer (P175)
pianist (Q486748)	music	artist	musician	instrumentalist	pianist			musician who plays the piano			pianist						performer (P175)
guitarist (Q855091)	music	artist	musician	instrumentalist	guitarist			musician who plays the guitar			gitarist						performer (P175)
jazz guitarist (Q6168364)	music	artist	musician	instrumentalist; jazz musician	guitarist; -	jazz guitarist		guitarist who plays jazz			jazzgitarist						performer (P175)
violinist (Q1259917)	music	artist	musician	instrumentalist	violinist			musician who plays the violin			violist						performer (P175)
organist (Q765778)	music	artist	musician	instrumentalist	organist			musician who plays any type of organ			organist						performer (P175)
drummer (Q386854)	music	artist	musician	instrumentalist	drummer			percussionist who creates and accompanies music using drums			drummer						performer (P175)	define as sub-class of "percussionist"?
saxophonist (Q12800682)	music	artist	musician	instrumentalist	saxophonist			musician who plays the saxophone			saxofonist						performer (P175)
cellist (Q13219637)	music	artist	musician	instrumentalist	cellist			musician who plays the cello			cellist						performer (P175)
trumpeter (Q12377274)	music	artist	musician	instrumentalist	trumpeter			musician who plays the trumpet			trompettist						performer (P175)
percussionist (Q4351403)	music	artist	musician	instrumentalist	percussionist			musician who plays percussion			slagwerker						performer (P175)
bassist (Q584301)	music	artist	musician	instrumentalist	bassist			musician who plays a bass instrument			bassist						performer (P175)	In some languages, the definition is more restrictive, e.g. focusing only on the bass guitar (e.g. French). This should be corrected. The use of this item to designate an occupation might be questionnable given the fact that more specific items are available. en-WP: "A bassist, or bass player, is a musician who plays a bass instrument such as a double bass (upright bass, contrabass, wood bass), bass guitar, synthbass, keyboard bass or a low brass instrument such as a tuba or sousaphone."
clarinetist (Q118865)	music	artist	musician	instrumentalist	clarinetist			musician who plays the clarinet			klarinettist						performer (P175)
disc jockey (Q130857)	music	artist	musician	disk jockey				person who plays recorded music for an audience			diskjockey						-
creator (Q2500638)	(creativity)	creator						person who does creative work	Urheber	creator	maker		créateur / créatrice	creatore / creatrice	создатель		creator (P170)	"creativity" as field of occupation may be questionable. In many languages there is a definition that stresses the creation of a work; the English and the Russian definitions focus on the process without mentioning the result. Maybe better: "originator of a creative work"
author (Q482980)	writing	creator	author					author or intellectual author of a linguistic work	Autor / Autorin	author	auteur		auteur / ...	autore	автор / авторша		author (P50)	Several Romance languages (Italian, Spanish, French, Catalan, Asturian, Galician, Brazilian Portuguese) use a definition that is not limited to the creation of linguistic works (and would therefore be co-extensive with "creator", which seems problematic). Most other languages limit the creatorshiop of an author to linguistic or written works.
writer (Q36180)	writing	creator	author	writer				person who uses written words to communicate ideas and to produce works of literature	Schriftsteller / Schriftstellerin	writer	schrijver		écrivain	scrittore	писатель		author (P50)
poet (Q49757)	writing	creator	author	writer	poet			person who writes poetry			dichter						author (P50)
playwright (Q214917)	writing	creator	author	writer	playwright			person who writes plays	Dramatiker / Dramatikerin	playwright	toneelschrijver		dramaturge (?)	drammaturgo	драматург (?)		author (P50)
dramaturge (Q487596)	writing	creator	author	writer	dramaturge			person fulfilling an advisory role regarding the literary or dramaturgical aspects of theatre, opera or dance productions or within a theatre, opera or dance organization			dramaturg						dramaturge (P6086)
lyricist (Q822146)	writing	creator	author	writer	lyricist			writer who specializes in writing song lyrics			liedtekstschrijver						lyricist (P676)
librettist (Q8178443)	writing	creator	author	writer	librettist			author of the libretto (words) of an opera or a similar extended musical composition			librettist						librettist (P87)
translator (Q333634)	writing	creator	author	writer	translator			person who translates written text from one language to another			vertaler						translator (P655)	The definitions in some languages don't specifiy that translator (Q333634) focuses on written texts, as opposed to interpreter (Q11085831). Both are sub-classes of translator-interpreter (Q1790480). The definitions should be sharpened in several languages.
critic (Q6430706)	writing	creator	author	writer	critic			professional who makes a living communicating their opinions and assessments of various forms of creative work			criticus						-	In most languages, the definition limits the field of criticism to creative works; not the German definition though, which is much more general.
music critic (Q1350157)	writing	creator	author	writer	critic	music critic		person who writes reviews about music performances or recordings			muziekcriticus						-
theatre critic (Q17337766)	writing	creator	author	writer	critic	theatre critic		person who writes reviews about theatre performances			theatercriticus						-
manager (Q2462658)	management; organizational leadership	manager						person whose job is to manage something			manager						-	"manager" does have a series of superclasses: "leader of organization", "leader" (subclass of "person"), "executive" (subclass of "professional", which in turn is a subclass of "human"). The German definition stresses the fact that a "manager" is an employee; this is not the case in several other languages.
director (Q3455803)	(arts)	artist; manager	director (regisseur)					director of a creative work	Regisseur / Regisseurin	director (?)	regisseur		metteur en scène (?) / metteuse en scène	regista	режиссёр / режиссёрка		director (P57)
assistant director (Q1757008)	(arts)	artist; manager	director (regisseur)	assistant director				assistant stage director of a performing arts, film or television production			eerste regieassistent						assistant director (P5126)	Doesn't necessarily designate an occupation, but rather a role.
art director (Q706364)	(arts)	artist; manager	director (regisseur)	art director				person responsible for leading teams in the artistic design and production of various kinds of visual art works	Artdirector	art director	artdirector		directeur artistique / directrice artistique	direttore artistico / direttrice artistica	арт-директор / ?		art director (P3174)	en-WP: "Art director is the title for a variety of similar job functions in theater, advertising, marketing, publishing, fashion, film and television, the Internet, and video games.…" - In several languages, narrower definitions are being used, but they can be mutually exclusive, which is problematic.
theatrical director (Q3387717)	theatre	artist; manager	director (regisseur)	theater director				person overseeing the mounting of a theatre production	Bühnenregisseur / Bühnenregisseurin	theater director	toneelregisseur		metteur en scène (?) / metteuse en scène	regista teatrale	театральный режиссёр / театральная режиссёрка		director (P57)
opera director (Q28054786)	theatre	artist; manager	director (regisseur)	theater director	opera director			creative director in charge of staging an opera			operaregisseur						director (P57)
artistic director (Q1797162)	theatre	artist; manager	director (regisseur)	artistic director				artistic leader of a cultural institution	Künstlerischer Leiter / Künstlerische Leiterin	artistic director	artistiek directeur		directeur artistique / directrice artistique	direttore artistico / direttrice artistica	художественный руководитель / художественная руководительница	artistic director (P8938)	-
music director (Q1198887)	music	director	music director					director of music, for an orchestra, film, radio station, etc.			muziekdirecteur					musical conductor (P3300)	musical conductor (P3300)	Should probably also be assigned the superclass of artist. en-WP: "A music(al) director or director of music is the person responsible for the musical aspects of a performance, production, or organization. This would include the artistic director and usually chief conductor of an orchestra or concert band, the director of music of a film, the director of music at a radio station, the person in charge of musical activities or the head of the music department in a school, the coordinator of the musical ensembles in a university, college, or institution"
artistic director (music) (Q4801269)	music	director	music director	artistic director				person who directs a musical ensemble								musical conductor (P3300)		en-WP: "The typical jobs of a musical artistic director are to choose repertoire for the ensemble, come up with an artistic vision for the group and also a long-term strategy for programming, and also to help choose performers if the ensemble is not pre-set. An artistic director may also be—and often is—the conductor of the ensemble and a "jack of all trades", performing multiple roles and even managing the ensemble, although that role is often left to a Managing Director if financial resources are available. A musical artistic director essentially mirrors a theatrical artistic director, albeit working in a different medium."
theatre manager (Q1776724)	theatre	manager; director	theatre manager					person who manages a theatre	Theaterleiter / Theaterleiterin	theatre manager	theatermanager		directeur de théâtre (?)	direttore teatrale	директор театра (?) /		-
stage manager (Q64825422)	theatre	manager	stage manager					person in charge of a theatre stage, equipment, scenery, etc during the rehearsals and performances of a play	Inspizient / Inspizientin	stage manager	stage manager		régisseur général / ...				contributor to the creative work or subject (P767)
impresario (Q943995)	theatre	artist; manager; director	theatre manager; director (regisseur)	artistic director	impresario			organizer of theatrical or musical performances			impresario						organizer (P664)	also sub-class of theatrical producer? en-WP: "An impresario (from the Italian impresa, "an enterprise or undertaking") is a person who organizes and often finances concerts, plays, or operas, performing a role in stage arts that is similar to that of a film or television producer."
talent manager (Q1320883)	theatre	artist; manager; director	theatre manager; director (regisseur)	artistic director	impresario	talent manager		person who guides the career of an artist			artiestenmanager						-	The definition as sub-class of "impresario" seems to be wrong. In some languages, the definition also includes companies. This should be corrected. If an item is needed for talent manager (type of company), a separate item should be created.
scenographer (Q2707485)	theatre; filmmaking	creator	designer; decorator	scenographer				person who develops the appearance of a stage design or a TV or movie set	Bühnenbilder / Bühnenbildnerin	scenographer	scenograaf		scénographe	scenografo / scenografa	сценограф		scenographer (P4608)
theatre designer (Q26869657)	theatre	artist	visual artist	decorator	theatre designer			person who designs the visual environment of the stage in a play or opera		theatre designer	decorontwerper		décorateur de théâtre / décoratrice de théâtre		театральный дизайнер / театральная дизайнерша		production designer (P2554)
tailor (Q242468)	tailoring	creator	fashion person; textile worker	tailor				person who makes, repairs, or alters clothing professionally	Schneider / Schneiderin	tailor	kleermaker		tailleur / tailleuse	sarto / sarta	портной / портниха		contributor to the creative work or subject (P767)
costume designer (Q1323191)	theatre	creator	fashion person; textile worker	tailor	costume designer			person who designs costumes for a film, stage production or television show	Kostümbildner / Kostümbildnerin	costume designer	kostuumontwerper		costumier / costumière	costumista	художник по костюмам / художница по костюмам		costume designer (P2515)	Is the costume designer always a tailor? - See for example the costume designs by Golovin for the Masquerade (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Masquerade_by_Golovin)
puppet maker (Q67138053)	craft	creator; tradesperson	artisan	puppet maker				artisan who creates puppets	Puppenbauer / Puppenbauerin	puppet maker			facteur de marionnettes				contributor to the creative work or subject (P767)	Tradesperson is also a subclass of worker; and there are modelling issues related to this class (cf. comment regarding hairdresser)
make-up artist (Q935666)	theatre	creator	fashion person	make-up artist				artist whose medium is the human body	Maskenbildner / Maskenbildnerin	make-up artist	visagist		maquilleur / maquilleuse	truccatore / truccatrice	визажист / визажистка		make-up artist (P4805)
hairdresser (Q55187)	hairdressing	creator; manual worker*	fashion person; manual worker*	hairdresser				person whose occupation is to cut or style hair	Friseur / Friseuse	hairdresser	kapper		coiffeur / coiffeuse	parrucchiere	парикмахер / парикмахерша		contributor to the creative work or subject (P767)	There are some modelling issues related to the classes of manual worker / blue-collar worker (circular relationships, mix-up between occupation and type of employment)
lighting designer (Q1823479)	theatre	creator	designer	lighting designer				person responsible for lighting on a stage	Lichtgestalter / Lichtgestalterin	lighting designer	lichtontwerper		éclairagiste		художник по свету / художница по свету		lighting designer (P5026)
sound designer (Q3024424)	theatre	creator	designer	sound designer				someone who works in the field of sound design			geluidsontwerper						sound designer (P5028)
video designer	theatre	creator	designer	video designer				someone who works in the field of video design									video designer (P5880)	Occupation item needs to be created. See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_design
projection designer	theatre	creator	designer	projection designer				person responsible for producing the moving and still images that are displayed during a live performance									projection designer (P5881)	Occupation item needs to be created.
stagehand (Q2328828)	theatre	stagehand						person who works backstage at a performance									contributor to the creative work or subject (P767)
theatrical technician (Q1020621)	performing arts	stagehand; technician	theatrical technician					person who operates technical equipment and systems in the performing arts and entertainment industry	Bühnentechniker / Bühnentechnikerin	theatrical technician	theatertechnicus		technicien de théâtre / technicienne de théâtre	scenotecnico / scenotecnica			contributor to the creative work or subject (P767)
property master (Q1430377)	theatre	stagehand; technician	theatrical technician	property master				person who is responsible for purchasing, acquiring, manufacturing, properly placing, and/or overseeing any props needed for a film, television or theatrical production			rekwisiteur						contributor to the creative work or subject (P767)
fly crew (Q5463244)										fly crew (?)			cintrier / ...				contributor to the creative work or subject (P767)	This one is a collective in English and an individual professional in French; the items probably need to be split.
dresser (Q5307082)	theatre	dresser						theater professional responsible for assisting cast members with costumes		dresser			habilleur / habilleuse				contributor to the creative work or subject (P767)
prompter (Q1126281)	theatre	prompter						person in theatre or opera who prompts or cues actors or singers when they forget their lines or movements	Soffleur / Souffleuse	prompter	souffleur		souffleur / souffleuse	suggeritore	суфлёр / суфлёрша		contributor to the creative work or subject (P767)	English Wikipedia has two entries for prompoter - one for theatre and one for opera, see: prompter (Q28454909) Should the prompter be assigned to a specific superclass of occupations?
animal trainer (Q8011071)	human-animal relationships	animal attendant	animal trainer					person who trains animals	Tiertrainer / Tiertrainerin	animal trainer	dierentrainer		dresseur / dresseuse	ammaestratore / ammaestratrice	дрессировщик / дрессировщица		contributor to the creative work or subject (P767)
theatrical producer (Q1759246)	performing arts; entrepreneurship	artist; producer	theatrical producer					person who oversees the staging of theatre productions	Theaterproduzent / Theaterproduzentin	theatrical producer	theaterproducent		producteur de théâtre / productrice de théâtre	produttore teatrale / produttrice teatrale	театральный продюсер / театральная продюсерша		producer (P162)	"producer" is a subclass of "enterpreneur", i.e. an "individual who organizes and operates a business, taking on financial risk to do so."

Notes on occupations

Work-related information can and should sometimes be modelled with properties other than occupation (P106). These other work properties can be used as a main statement or can be stated as a qualifier to the occupation statement. This being said, properties used as main statements are easier to query and enable better data reuse.

• Use instrument (P1303) to further specify instruments played by a musician (Q639669) (note: voice (Q17172850) is a musical instrument).
• Use voice type (P412) to further specify a singer's voice type.
• Use field of work (P101) to further specify areas of specialization of a performing artist (Q713200) (for example, the circus skill (Q4990963) practiced by a circus performer (Q17307272) or the type of dance (Q107357104) practiced by a dancer (Q5716684)).
• In a performing arts production (Q43099500) item, use an object of statement has role (P3831) qualifier to further specify cast members, performers, or contributors.
• In a performing arts production (Q43099500) item, use a character role (P453) qualifier to indicate the role played by a cast member.

Voice Types and Fach

There are two WD properties to indicate the voice type of opera singers and operatic roles: voice type (P412) and its sub-property Fach (P1731). While the seven basic voice types (soprano, mezzo-soprano, contralto, countertenor, tenor, baritone, bass) mainly refer to the vocal range and the gender, the German Fach system is a method for classifying opera singers (and operatic roles) according to the range, weight, and color of the (required) voice. While the Fach system is largely aligned with the seven basic voice types, it comprises more specific types which sometimes make reference to the type of role corresponding to the type (e.g. buffo, character role, etc.).

In order to maximize consistency and to avoid keeping a lot of redundant information, the basic voice types are indicated using the voice type (P412) property. Where more specific information is available (Fach or similar), it is indicated by means of the Fach (P1731) property. Furthermore, the ontology is designed in a way to ensure that each instance of Fach (Q1748957) is defined as a sub-class of one of the basic voice types. Thereby, it is possible that the basic voice types typically associated with female voices may have sub-classes associated with male voices (e.g. the Fächer "sopranist", "boy soprano", and "soprano castrato" are all sub-classes of the female voice type "soprano"). Note that voice type indications such as "boy soprano" or "soprano castrato" are also treated as "Fächer", even though they are not necessarily part of modern "Fach" systems. Up until the 19th century, many opera parts were originally written for castrato voices, but are today either transposed or performed by female singers. In these cases, the original Fach indication mainly serves a historical purpose.

Note that in some languages (e.g. in English) a slightly different, but overlapping terminology is used for choral voices, while in other languages (e.g. in German), the same terminology is used. This poses a problem when it comes to mapping the different terms across languages as the erroneous mappings of contralto (Q37137) illustrate (e.g. en:contralto = de:Kontra-Alt, which is wrong).

The table below gives an overview of voice types and Fächer as well as their designations in various languages.

WD item	Voice type	Fach	gender	de	en	es	fr	it	ru	Comments
soprano (Q30903)	soprano	-	female	Sopran	soprano	soprano	soprano	soprano	сопрано
coloratura soprano (Q58192)	soprano	coloratura soprano	female	Koloratursopran	coloratura soprano, coloratura-soprano	soprano de coloratura	soprano colorature	soprano di coloratura, soprano d'agilità	колоратурное сопрано
light coloratura soprano (Q53828775)	soprano	-- light coloratura soprano	female	leichter Koloratursopran	light coloratura soprano	soprano de coloratura ligera	soprano léger colorature	soprano leggero di coloratura, soprano leggero d'agilità	лёгкое колоратурное сопрано
light soprano (Q3822738)	soprano	light soprano	female	leichter Sopran	light soprano	soprano ligera	soprano léger	soprano leggero	лёгкое сопрано
Soubrette (Q836983)	soprano	soubrette	female	Soubrette, Spielsopran	soubrette, acting soprano	soprano soubrette	soubrette	soprano soubrette	cубре́тка
coloratura soubrette (Q53828788)	soprano	-- coloratura soubrette	female	Koloratursoubrette	coloratura soubrette		soubrette colorature
	soprano	-- German soubrette	female	deutsche Soubrette	German soubrette		soubrette allemande
	soprano	--	female	romanisch-französische Soubrette
Soubrette (Q53828789)	soprano	character soprano	female	Charaktersopran	character soprano		soprano de caractère
lyric soprano (Q1401208)	soprano	lyric soprano	female	lyrischer Sopran	lyric soprano, soprano lirico, high lyric soprano, high soprano		soprano lyrique	soprano lirico	лирическое сопрано
lyric coloratura soprano (Q37952097)	soprano	-- lyric coloratura soprano	female	lyrischer Koloratursopran	lyric coloratura soprano, high coloratura soprano		soprano lyrique colorature	soprano lirico di coloratura	лирико-колоратурное сопрано
light-lyric soprano (Q3964990)	soprano	-- light lyric soprano	female	leichter lyrischer Sopran	light lyric soprano, light high soprano	soprano lírica legera	soprano lyrique léger	soprano lirico-leggero	лёгкое лирическое сопрано
spinto soprano (Q2327598)	soprano	-- lirico-spinto soprano	female	jugendlich dramatischer Sopran, lyrisch-dramatischer Sopran, Spintosopran	lirico-spinto soprano, lyric dramatic soprano, spinto soprano, spinto lyric soprano		soprano lirico spinto	soprano lirico-spinto	лирико-драматическое сопрано
dramatic soprano (Q2164335)	soprano	dramatic soprano	female	dramatischer Sopran	dramatic soprano, full dramatic soprano, spinto soprano	soprano dramática	soprano dramatique	soprano drammatico	драматическое сопрано
dramatic coloratura soprano (Q53828951)	soprano	-- dramatic coloratura soprano	female	dramatischer Koloratursopran	dramatic coloratura soprano	soprano de coloratura dramática	soprano colorature dramatique	soprano di coloratura drammatico	драматическое колоратурное сопрано
Wagnerian soprano (Q3964989)	soprano	Wagnerian soprano	female	hochdramatischer Sopran	heroic soprano, Wagnerian soprano, high dramatic soprano		soprano wagnérien	soprano wagneriano, soprano drammatico tedesco, soprano di Wagner
soprano Falcon (Q3964985)	soprano	Falcon soprano	female	Falcon-Sopran	Falcon soprano, falcon soprano, falcon		soprano Falcon
sopranist (Q1999862)	soprano	sopranist	male	Männersopran	sopranist, sopranista, male soprano	sopranista	sopraniste	sopranista		definitions need cleaning up
soprano falsettist (Q53829462)	soprano	soprano falsettist	male	Sopran-Falsettist	soprano falsettist	falsettista sopranista	falsettiste sopraniste	falsettisto sopranista
child soprano (Q53829839)	soprano	child soprano	-	Kindersopran	treble		soprano d'enfant		детское сопрано
boy soprano (Q1376492)	soprano	-- boy soprano	(male)	Knabensopran, Jungensopran	boy soprano, boy treble, treble		soprano de garçon		мальчиковое сопрано
girl soprano (Q53830131)	soprano	-- girl soprano	(female)	Mädchensopran	girl soprano
soprano castrato (Q53830255)	soprano	soprano castrato	(male)	Kastratensopran, Kastraten-Sopran, Soprankastrat, Sopran-Kastrat	soprano castrato		castrat soprano	castrato sopranista	кастрат-сопрано, кастрат сопрано
mezzo-soprano (Q186506)	mezzo-soprano	-	female	Mezzosopran	mezzo-soprano, mezzo	mezzosoprano, mesosoprano	mezzo-soprano	mezzosoprano	меццо-сопрано
coloratura mezzo-soprano (Q54634572)	mezzo-soprano	coloratura mezzo-soprano	female	Koloratur-Mezzosopran	coloratura mezzo-soprano		mezzo-soprano colorature		колоратурное меццо-сопрано
light mezzo-soprano (Q54634726)	mezzo-soprano	ight mezzo-soprano	female	leichter Mezzosopran	light mezzo-soprano	mezzosoprano ligera	mezzo-soprano léger, mezzo-soprano dugazon	mezzoroprano leggero, mezzosoprano acuto
lyric mezzo-soprano (Q1878954)	mezzo-soprano	lyric mezzo-soprano	female	lyrischer Mezzosopran	lyric mezzo-soprano	mezzosoprano lírica	mezzo-soprano lyrique	mezzosoprano lirico, mezzosoprano centrale	лирическое меццо-сопрано
character mezzo-soprano (Q54634862)	mezzo-soprano	character mezzo-soprano	female	Charakter-Mezzosopran	character mezzo-soprano		mezzo-soprano de caractère
dramatic mezzo-soprano (Q6012297)	mezzo-soprano	dramatic mezzo-soprano	female	dramatischer Mezzosopran	dramatic mezzo soprano	mezzosoprano dramática	mezzo-soprano dramatique	mezzosoprano drammatico, mezzosoprano grave	драматическое меццо-сопрано
mezzo-soprano castrato (Q54634945)	mezzo-soprano	mezzo-soprano castrato	(male)	Kastraten-Mezzosopran	mezzo-soprano castrato		castrat mezzo-soprano		кастрат меццо-сопрано
alto (Q54634991)	alto	-	-	Alt, Altus	alto	alto	alto	alto	альт	1. voice with a vocal range corresponding to contralto and countertenor
alto (Q6983813)	alto	-	female	Alt	alto		alto			2. female choral voice
boy alto (Q53395277)	alto	boy alto	(male)	Knabenalt	boy alto, boy contralto
alto castrato (Q53395016))	alto	alto castrato	(mal)	Kastraten-Alt, Alt-Kastrat	alto castrato, contralto castrato		castrat contraltiste		кастрат-альт
contralto (Q37137))	contralto	-	female	Alt	contralto	contralto	contralto	contralto	контральто
coloratura contralto (Q54635184)	contralto	coloratura contralto	female	Koloraturalt	coloratura contralto	contralto de coloratura	contralto colorature		колоратурный альт
lyric contralto (Q54635214)	contralto	lyric contralto	female	lyrischer Alt	lyric contralto, lyric alto		contralto lyrique
acting alto (Q5785182)	contralto	acting alto	female	Spielalt, komischer Alt	acting alto, comic contralto, light contralto	contralto cómica, contralto buffa	alto bouffe
dramatic contralto (Q54635298)	contralto	dramatic contralto	female	dramatischer Alt	dramatic contralto, dramatic alto	contralto dramática	contralto dramatique
deep contralto (Q54635335)	contralto	deep contralto	female	Kontra-Alt, Kontraalt, tiefer Alt	deep contralto, low contralto, low alto
contratenor (Q223166))	countertenor	-	male	Kontratenor, Kontertenor, Countertenor, Altus, Männeralt	countertenor, counter-tenor, contratenor,	contratenor	contreténor	controtenore	контратенор
tenor (Q27914))	tenor	-	male	Tenor	tenor	tenor	ténor	tenore	тенор
Tenore contraltino (Q3983766)	tenor	tenor contraltino	male	Haute-Contre, Altino	tenore contraltino, tenor contraltino, tenor altino, haute-contre, very high tenor		haute-contre	tenore contraltino	тенор-альтино
coloratura tenor (Q54635368)	tenor	coloratura tenor	male	Koloraturtenor	coloratura tenor		ténor colorature
light tenor (Q54635391)	tenor	light tenor	male	leichter Tenor	light tenor, high tenor, high light tenor		ténor léger	tenore leggiero	легкий тенор
tenore di grazia (Q1471878)	tenor	tenore di grazia	male	Tenore di grazia, leichter Tenor mit Koloratur	tenore di grazia			tenore di grazia	тенор «ди-грация»
lyric tenor (Q359282))	tenor	lyric tenor	male	lyrischer Tenor	lyric tenor	tenor lírico		tenore lirico	лирический тенор
buffo tenor (Q359278)	tenor	buffo tenor	male	Spieltenor, Tenorbuffo	acting tenor, comic tenor, tenore buffo, high buffo tenor			tenore buffo
spinto tenor (Q54635582)	tenor	spinto tenor	male	jugendlich-dramatischer Tenor, jugendlicher Heldentenor	young dramatic tenor, spinto tenor, lirico-spinto tenor				лирико-драматический тенор
character tenor (Q1062991)	tenor	character tenor	male	Charaktertenor	character tenor, character-tenor		ténor de caractère
Heldentenor (Q1601762))	tenor	heldentenor	male	Heldentenor	heroic tenor, heavy dramatic tenor, dramatic tenor, low tenor				драматический тенор
tenor Trial (Q54635669)	tenor	tenor Trial	male	Trial-Tenor	tenor Trial, tenor trial
baritenor (Q2338646)	baritenor	-	male	Baritenor		baritenor			баритональный тенор
baritone (Q31687)	baritone	-	male	Bariton	baritone	barítono	baryton	baritono	баритон
Verdi baritone (Q54635681)	baritone	Verdi baritone	male	Verdi-Bariton	Verdi baritone	barítono verdiano	baryton Verdi	baritono verdiano
baryton-Martin (Q21478751)	baritone	light baritone	male	leichter Bariton, Bariton Martin	light baritone, baryton Martin	barítono ligero	baryton léger, baryton Martin	baritono leggero, baritono chiaro, baryton-martin	тенор-баритон
lyric baritone (Q54635717)	baritone	lyric baritone	male	lyrischer Bariton	lyric baritone, high baritone	barítono lírico	baryton lyrique	baritono lirico, baritono cantabile	лирический баритон
acting baritone (Q54635751)	baritone	acting baritone	male	Spielbariton	acting baritone
Kavalierbariton (Q54635784)	baritone	Kavalierbariton	male	Kavalierbariton	Kavalierbariton, cavalier baritone			baritono lirico-drammatico, baritono spinto	лирико-драматический баритон
baryton-noble (Q19740895)	baritone	baryton-noble	male	nobler Bariton	baryton-noble		baryton noble
dramatic baritone (Q8243257)	baritone	dramatic baritone	male	dramatischer Bariton	dramatic baritone, low baritone	barítono dramático	baryton dramatique	baritono drammatico	драматический баритон
character baritone (Q1062931)	baritone	character baritone	male	Charakterbariton	character baritone		baryton de caractère
buffo baritone (Q5721499)	baritone	buffo baritone	male	Baritonbuffo	buffo baritone	barítono buffo
Heldenbaritone (Q1601737)	baritone	heldenbaritone	male	Heldenbariton	Heldenbaritone, heroic baritone
bass-baritone (Q810480)	bass-baritone	-	male	Bassbariton	bass-baritone, bass baritone, deep baritone	bajo-barítono	baryton-basse, taille, haute-taille	basso-baritono	бас-баритон, баритональный бас	intermediate voice type
lyric bass-baritone (Q54635842)	bass-baritone	lyric bass-baritone	male	lyrischer Bassbariton	lyric bass-baritone
dramatic bass-baritone (Q54635897)	bass-baritone	dramatic bass-baritone	male	dramatischer Bassbariton	dramatic bass-baritone
bass (Q27911)	bass	-	male	Bass	bass	bajo	basse	basso	бас
high bass (Q54636007)	bass	high bass	male	hoher Bass	high bass				высокий бас
lyric high bass (Q3636053)	bass	lyric high bass	male	Basso cantante, lyrischer hoher Bass	basso cantante, basse chantante, lyric high bass	bajo cantante, bajo ligero	basse chantante, basse-taille	basso cantante, basso-cantante	бас-кантанте
dramatic high bass (Q54636036)	bass	dramatic high bass	male	dramatischer hoher Bass	dramatic high bass
serious bass (Q54636068)	bass	serious bass	male	seriöser Bass	serious bass
buffo bass (Q1002146)	bass	buffo bass	male	Bassbuffo, Spielbass	buffo bass, basso buffo, acting bass, comic bass	bajo buffo	basse bouffe	basso buffo, basso leggero	комический бас бас-буффо
character bass (Q20638448)	bass	character bass	male	Chrakterbass	character bass	bajo caractère			характерный бас
basso profondo (Q2532487)	bass	basso profondo	male	dramatischer Basso Profondo, schwarzer Bass	basso profondo, basso profundo, low bass, deep bass	bajo profundo	basse profonde, basse noble, basse Nivette, basse-contre	basso profondo	бас-профундо, низкий бас, глубокий бас
heavy acting bass (Q54636271)	bass	heavy acting bass	male	Schwerer Spielbass, Schwerer Bassbuffo	heavy acting bass, heavy comic bass
octavist (Q7082656)	bass	octavist	male	Oktavist	octavist				октавист

Collectives

WDitem	Voice Indication	de	en	es	fr	it	ru	Comments
choir (Q131186)	chorus	Chor	chorus
n/a	opera chorus	Opernchor	opera chorus					use choir (Q131186)
n/a		voller Chor						use choir (Q131186)
chamber choir (Q1723154)	chamber choir	Kammerchor	chamber choir
n/a		Chor auf der Bühne						use choir (Q131186) in combination with role (Q1707847)
n/a		Chor hinter der Szene						use choir (Q131186) in combination with offstage role (Q54288259)
mixed choir (Q3276909)	mixed chorus	gemischter Chor	mixed chorus
men's chorus (Q1684352)	men's chorus	Männerchor	men's chorus, male chorus
n/a		kleiner Männerchor						use men's chorus (Q1684352)
women's chorus (Q1451652)	female choir	Frauenchor, Mädchenchor	female choir
youth choir (Q591250)	youth choir	Jugendchor
children's choir (Q1753063)	children's choir	Kinderchor	children's choir
boys' choir (Q1776834)	boys' choir	Knabenchor
girls' choir (Q53869202)	girls choir	Mädchenchor
Q54290445		Sprechchor

See also: einstimmiger, zweistimmiger, dreistimmiger etc. Chor; 16 Sänger, 24 Kinder, etc.;

Further Voice or Role Indications

WDitem	Role or Voice Indication	de	en	es	fr	it	ru	Comments
female singing voice (Q54285818)	female singing voice	Frauenstimme	female singing voice, female voice, female singer
male singing voice (Q54285279)	male singing voice	Männerstimme	male singing voice, male voice, male singer
boy soprano (Q6164901)	child's voice	Kinderstimme
castrato (Q210970)	castrato voice	Kastratenstimme	castrato voice, castrato
	serious role	seriöses Fach
		Spiel- und Charackterfach
character role (Q54290928)		Charakterrolle, Charakterfach
buffo (Q53837302)	buffo	Buffo	buffo			buffo
extended voice artist (Q54289488)	extended voice artist		extended voice artist
Sprechgesang (Q1500983)	-- sprechgesang	Sprechgesang, Sprechstimme	Sprechgesang, Sprechstimme
(skip for now)	microphoned singer
Q54290196		Chorrolle, Chorsolist
silent role (Q1605169)	silent role	stumme Rolle	silent role, mute role, silent actor, does not sing, non-singing, non singing, non-speaking, non speaking, tacet, mute
speaking role (Q1312022)	spoken role	Sprechrolle	speaking role, speaking part, spoken part, spoken
child role (Q54287532)	child role	Kinderrolle	child role
offstage role (Q54288259)	offstage role	Stimme aus dem Off	offstage role
breeches role (Q849959)	breeches role		breeches role, en travesti, trouser role					See also: travesti (Q16764901) – needs cleaning up.
actor (Q33999)	actor	Schauspieler, Schauspielerin	actor, actress
mime artist (Q674067)	mime artist	Pantomime	mime artist, mime
dancer (Q5716684)	dancer		dancer
narrator (Q755070)	narrator		narrator
speaker (Q28503751)	speaker		speaker
		Ballet, Tanz
		Musikanten, Musiker, Musikerinnen
		Statisten, Statisterie, Komparsen

Artefacts Documenting Activities Related to the Performing Arts

To edit this section, click here.

The table below contains an overview of artefacts related to the performing arts, which are often collected and preserved in order to document activities and the works of this ephemeral art form.

The table contains a tentative typology of such artefacts. We thereby differentiate between the following types of artefacts:

• Artefacts documenting the creative process and its results:
  • Artefacts documenting the creative process ahead of the first official representation (premiere) of a given work
  • Artefacts documenting the representations and the immediate reception of a given work
  • Artefacts documenting the "afterlife", i.e. the long-term reception and impact, of a given work
• Artefacts documenting administrative processes
• Artefacts documenting the infrastructure used

The table also indicates the preferred properties to be used to point to respective entries in archival finding aids and collection catalogues. See Estermann (2020) for an example implementation of such references on Wikidata. Thus, the table, along with the practices proposed in the referenced report provide the basis for the creation of a "WorldCat" of the performing arts, i.e. a comprehensive catalogue of artefacts documenting the performing arts. Wikidata provides the possibility to add such references to various types of Wikidata items, such as items describing performing arts productions; individual performances; people and organizations involved in the performing arts; cultural venues; literary, musical, and choreographic works, etc. Given the richness of the performing arts domain, the approach proposed here can eventually be used to create similar catalogues of artefacts for a variety of other domains. Note, however, that the implementation of the approach is (as of 2023) still at an experimental stage.

We currently (as of 2023) suggest the use of the following properties to point to said artefacts:

• archives at (P485) – to point to archival fonds, typically consisting of two-dimensional artefacts that have been gathered and organized according to the principle of provenance
• documentation files at (P10527) – to point to documentation, typcally consisting of two-dimensional artefacts that have been gathered and organized according to the principle of pertinence (see also its subproperty artist files at (P9493))
• oral history at (P9600) – to point to oral history recordings or transcripts of interviews with contemporary witnesses
• personal library at (P9419) – to point to the personal library of the respective person
• object collection at (property to be created) – to point to an object collection, typcially consisting of three-dimensional artefacts
• video recording(s) at (property to be created) – to point to a video recording of a given subject (event, performing arts production, place, person, etc.)
• audio recording(s) at (property to be created) – to point to an audio recording of a given subject (event, performing arts production, person, etc.)
• photograph collection at (property to be created? - or can this be covered by documentation files at (P10527) with a has part(s) of the class (P2670) qualifier?) – to point to a photograph collection documenting a given subject (event, performing arts production, person, place, etc.)

To further specify the types of artefacts that are included in an archive, a documentation file, or an object collection, a has part(s) of the class (P2670) qualifier is to be used.

WD item	Definition	Documentation of ... aspects	de	en	es	fr	it	ru	Preferred Properties	Comments
advertising material (Q1554180)	objectified form of an advertising message	artistic	Werbemittel	advertising material (promotional material)	material publicitario	matériel publicitaire	materiale promozionale		archives at (P485)documentation files at (P10527)
annual report (Q699735)	yearly report on a company's or other organization's activities	administrative	Geschäftsbericht	annual report		rapport annuel	relazione annuale		archives at (P485)
association magazine (Q2514037)	magazine published by a membership organization and distributed to its members	administrative; artistic; infrastructural	Vereinszeitschrift	association magazine		magazine associatif			archives at (P485)
audio recording (Q3302947)	single object representing recorded audio data in the form of audio signals on analogue or digital media	artistic	Tonaufnahme	audio recording		enregistrement audio	registrazione audio		audio recoding(s) at
autograph (Q9026959)	document written by hand	administrative; artistic	Autograph	autograph		autographe	autografo		archives at (P485)documentation files at (P10527)
bulletin (Q88163834)	short report, especially one released through official channels to be broadcast or publicized	administrative; artistic; infrastructural	Bulletin	bulletin		bulletin			archives at (P485)documentation files at (P10527)
costume (Q1410477)	clothes used by performers on stage; particular style of clothing worn to portray the wearer as a character or type of character at a social event in a theatrical performance on the stage or in film or television	artistic	Kostüm	costume		costume	costumi teatrali		object collection at
costume sketch (Q29642784)	rough drawing of a theatrical, film, or television costume	artistic	Kostümskizze (Kostümdesign)	costume sketch					archives at (P485)	Terminology and definitions should be aligned across languages (the Italian and French concepts refer to the design of clothes in general; not specific to the performing arts or film).
dance notation [item to be created]		artistic	Tanznotation	dance notation		Notation du mouvement	notazione della danza		archives at (P485)	dance notation (Q34175) refers to the technique, not to an artefact.
documentary film (Q93204)	type of non-fictional motion picture	artistic; infrastructural	Dokumentationssendung	documentary film		film documentaire	documentario		object collection at
doll (Q168658)	model of a character or a human beings, often used as a toy for children or an artistic hobby for adults	artistic	Puppe	doll		poupée	bambola		archives at (P485)
Finger puppet (Q26799112)	A puppet worn on a person's finger	artistic	Fingerpuppe	Finger puppet		marionnette à doigt			object collection at
hand puppet (Q14875)	Puppet put over the hand	artistic	Handpuppe	hand puppet		marionnette à gaine	burattino		object collection at
libretto (Q131084)	text used for an extended musical work		Libretto	libretto		livret	libretto		documentation files at (P10527)
lighting instructions, lighting design [item to be created]		infrastructural	Lichttechnik	lighting technic		éclairagisme	illuminotecnica		object collection at	lighthing technic (Q17177506) refers to the technique, and not to the artefact. lighting design (Q1823302) refers to the activity, and not to the artefact.
magazine article (Q30070590)	written piece, published in a magazine, or on a magazine-style website		Magazinartikel	magazine article		article de magazine	articolo di rivista		documentation files at (P10527)
marionette (Q189888)	puppet controlled from above using wires or strings	artistic	Marionette	marionette		marionnette à fils	marionetta		object collection at
mask (Q161524)	any full or partial face covering, whether ceremonial, protective, decorative, or used as disguise	artistic	Maske	mask		masque	maschera		object collection at
minutes (Q2085515)	written details of a meeting	administrative	Ergebnisprotokoll	minutes		compte-rendu de réunion	verbale di riunione		documentation files at (P10527)
negative (Q595597)	image on photographic film in which color and brightness are inverted		Negativfilm	negative		film négatif	pellicola per negativi		archives at (P485)
newspaper clipping (Q14552560)	an excerpt cut from a newspaper or magazine		Zeitungsausschnitt	newspaper clipping		coupure de presse	ritaglio di giornale		documentation files at (P10527)
Leporello book (Q361880)	booklet comprised of alternately folded pages	artistic	Leporello	orihon	leporello	leporello			documentation files at (P10527)
periodical (Q1002697)	serial publication that appears in a new edition on a regular schedule		Periodikum	periodical		périodique	periodico		documentation files at (P10527)
photograph (Q125191)	image created by light falling on a light-sensitive surface		Fotografie	photograph		photographie	foto		archives at (P485)
playbill (Q2416316)	program or poster announcing a theatrical performance		Theaterzettel	playbill		affiche	locandina del teatro		documentation files at (P10527)
poster (Q429785)	type of graphic advertisement		Plakat	poster		affiche	manifesto		archives at (P485)
programme (Q1508646)	booklet available for patrons attending a live event		Programmheft	programme		programme			documentation files at (P10527)
puppet (Q1913135)	inanimate object or representational figure animated or manipulated by an entertainer	artistic	Theaterpuppe	puppet			pupazzo		object collection at
rag doll (Q2918349)	doll with a stuffed cloth body and head	artistic	Stoffpuppe	rag doll		Poupée de chiffon			object collection at
review (Q265158)	evaluation of a publication, service, company, piece of hardware, event, exhibition, or performance		Rezension	review		critique	recensione		documentation files at (P10527)
rod puppet (Q2325433)	puppet constructed around a central rod secured to the head	artistic	Stabfigur	Rod puppet		marionnette à tige			object collection at
schedule (Q7271585)	time management tool listing times when events are intended to take place		Zeitplan						documentation files at (P10527)
screenplay (Q103076)	written work by screenwriters for a film or television program		Drehbuch	screenplay		scénario	sceneggiatura		documentation files at (P10527)
seasonal programme (Q51176294)	programme of a performing arts company, venue, or troupe featuring all the performances and casts of a given season		Saisonprogramm	seasonal programme		programme de la saison	stagione teatrale		documentation files at (P10527)
stage curtain (Q945148)	large piece of cloth designed to mask backstage areas of a theater from spectators	infrastructural	Vorhang	stage curtain		rideau de théâtre			object collection at
stage design (Q55619117)	design of the stage setup of a performing arts production		Bühnenbildentwurf	stage design		Modèle de décor de théâtre	regia		archives at (P485)
statement of accounts (Q55892549)	A statement of accounts is a document that reflects all transactions that took place between you and a particular customer for a given period of time	administrative	Rechenschaftsbericht	statement of accounts		rapport d'activité			documentation files at (P10527)
statutes (Q55892549)	a law that has been formally approved and written down	administrative	Statuten	statutes		statuts			documentation files at (P10527)	Terminology and definitions should be aligned across languages (e.g. the English term does not correspond to the terms in German and French).
storyboard (Q334667)	graphic organizer in the form of illustrations or images displayed in sequence for the purpose of pre-visualizing a story		Storyboard	storyboard		storyboard			archives at (P485)
text (Q234460)	object that can be "read" by reader; result of writing		Text	text		texte	testo		archives at (P485)
theatrical property(Q942297)	movable physical object used on a motion picture, television, or stage set that are not costume	artistic	Requisite	theatrical property		accessoire	materiale di scena		object collection at
toy theatre (Q1751712)	miniature theatre	artistic	Papiertheater	toy theatre		théâtre de papier			object collection at
video recording(Q30070675)	single work, or take, made using the medium of video	artistic	Videoaufnahme	video recording		enregistrement vidéo			archives at (P485)
yearbook (Q10283140)	publication documenting events of a year		Jahrbuch	yearbook		album de finissants			documentation files at (P10527)