Cysteine cathepsin proteases: regulators of cancer progression and therapeutic response (Q38644547)

5 September 2017

Cysteine cathepsin proteases: regulators of cancer progression and therapeutic response (English)

1 reference

5 September 2017

Oakley C Olson

1

0 references

author name string

Johanna A Joyce

series ordinal

2

1 reference

PubMed ID

26597527

5 September 2017

language of work or name

English

0 references

publication date

1 November 2015

1 reference

5 September 2017

Nature Reviews Cancer

1 reference

5 September 2017

15

1 reference

5 September 2017

712-729

1 reference

5 September 2017

12

1 reference

https://scigraph.springernature.com/pub.10.1038/nrc4027

5 September 2017

0 references

cites work

Alignment/phylogeny of the papain superfamily of cysteine proteases.

1 reference

Macrophages create an acidic extracellular hydrolytic compartment to digest aggregated lipoproteins

31 March 2020

1 reference

On the mechanisms of bone resorption. The action of parathyroid hormone on the excretion and synthesis of lysosomal enzymes and on the extracellular release of acid by bone cells

31 March 2020

1 reference

The role of cathepsins in osteoporosis and arthritis: rationale for the design of new therapeutics

31 March 2020

1 reference

The endosomal-lysosomal system of neurons in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis: a review

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsin cysteine proteases in cardiovascular disease.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsins in human obesity: changes in energy balance predominantly affect cathepsin s in adipose tissue and in circulation

31 March 2020

1 reference

Association of airway cathepsin B and S with inflammation in cystic fibrosis.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cysteine proteases of parasitic organisms

31 March 2020

1 reference

Inhibitors of cathepsin L prevent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsin S deficiency results in abnormal accumulation of autophagosomes in macrophages and enhances Ang II-induced cardiac inflammation

31 March 2020

1 reference

Impaired turnover of autophagolysosomes in cathepsin L deficiency

31 March 2020

1 reference

Loss of responsiveness to IGF-I in cells with reduced cathepsin L expression levels.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Chemotherapy-triggered cathepsin B release in myeloid-derived suppressor cells activates the Nlrp3 inflammasome and promotes tumor growth

31 March 2020

1 reference

Deficiency for the cysteine protease cathepsin L promotes tumor progression in mouse epidermis

31 March 2020

1 reference

Proteolytic cleavage in an endolysosomal compartment is required for activation of Toll-like receptor 9

31 March 2020

1 reference

"In vitro" study of basement membrane degradation by the cysteine proteinases, cathepsins B, B-like and L. Digestion of collagen IV, laminin, fibronectin, and release of gelatinase activities from basement membrane fibronectin.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Inhibition of spinal microglial cathepsin S for the reversal of neuropathic pain

31 March 2020

1 reference

TGF-β signaling, activated stromal fibroblasts, and cysteine cathepsins B and L drive the invasive growth of human melanoma cells

31 March 2020

1 reference

IL-4 induces cathepsin protease activity in tumor-associated macrophages to promote cancer growth and invasion

31 March 2020

1 reference

Analysis of tumour- and stroma-supplied proteolytic networks reveals a brain-metastasis-promoting role for cathepsin S

31 March 2020

1 reference

Proteomic Identification of Cysteine Cathepsin Substrates Shed from the Surface of Cancer Cells.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsin cysteine proteases are effectors of invasive growth and angiogenesis during multistage tumorigenesis

31 March 2020

1 reference

Distinct roles for cysteine cathepsin genes in multistage tumorigenesis

31 March 2020

1 reference

Distinct functions of macrophage-derived and cancer cell-derived cathepsin Z combine to promote tumor malignancy via interactions with the extracellular matrix.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Tumor cell-derived and macrophage-derived cathepsin B promotes progression and lung metastasis of mammary cancer.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Transgenic expression of human cathepsin B promotes progression and metastasis of polyoma-middle-T-induced breast cancer in mice

31 March 2020

1 reference

Macrophages and cathepsin proteases blunt chemotherapeutic response in breast cancer

31 March 2020

1 reference

Lysosomal cathepsin B: correlation with metastatic potential

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cysteine proteases as disease markers

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cysteine cathepsins in human cancer

31 March 2020

1 reference

Gene expression and benefit of chemotherapy in women with node-negative, estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer

31 March 2020

1 reference

The role of Cathepsin S as a marker of prognosis and predictor of chemotherapy benefit in adjuvant CRC: a pilot study

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsin X in serum from patients with colorectal cancer: relation to prognosis

31 March 2020

1 reference

Overexpression of cysteine cathepsin L is a marker of invasion and metastasis in ovarian cancer

31 March 2020

1 reference

Association between serum cathepsin S and mortality in older adults

31 March 2020

1 reference

31 March 2020

1 reference

Microscopic detection of quenched activity-based optical imaging probes using an antibody detection system: localizing protease activity

31 March 2020

1 reference

Detection of intestinal cancer by local, topical application of a quenched fluorescence probe for cysteine cathepsins

31 March 2020

1 reference

Design of Protease Activated Optical Contrast Agents That Exploit a Latent Lysosomotropic Effect for Use in Fluorescence-Guided Surgery

31 March 2020

1 reference

New approaches for dissecting protease functions to improve probe development and drug discovery

31 March 2020

1 reference

A nonpeptidic cathepsin S activity-based probe for noninvasive optical imaging of tumor-associated macrophages

31 March 2020

1 reference

Improved quenched fluorescent probe for imaging of cysteine cathepsin activity

31 March 2020

1 reference

Macrophage regulation of tumor responses to anticancer therapies

31 March 2020

1 reference

Microenvironmental regulation of tumor progression and metastasis

31 March 2020

1 reference

Transcription of human cathepsin B is mediated by Sp1 and Ets family factors in glioma

31 March 2020

1 reference

A gene network regulating lysosomal biogenesis and function

31 March 2020

1 reference

Human procathepsin B interacts with the annexin II tetramer on the surface of tumor cells

31 March 2020

1 reference

ErbB2-driven breast cancer cell invasion depends on a complex signaling network activating myeloid zinc finger-1-dependent cathepsin B expression.

31 March 2020

1 reference

ETV1 is a lineage survival factor that cooperates with KIT in gastrointestinal stromal tumours

31 March 2020

1 reference

IFN regulatory factor-1 regulates IFN-gamma-dependent cathepsin S expression

31 March 2020

1 reference

Deletion of cathepsin H perturbs angiogenic switching, vascularization and growth of tumors in a mouse model of pancreatic islet cell cancer

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsin S from both tumor and tumor-associated cells promote cancer growth and neovascularization.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsin C is a tissue-specific regulator of squamous carcinogenesis.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Synergistic antitumor effects of combined cathepsin B and cathepsin Z deficiencies on breast cancer progression and metastasis in mice.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Reduced tumour cell proliferation and delayed development of high-grade mammary carcinomas in cathepsin B-deficient mice

31 March 2020

1 reference

Dipeptidyl peptidase I is required for the processing and activation of granzymes A and B in vivo

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsin B promotes the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in mice

31 March 2020

1 reference

Role of cathepsin B in intracellular trypsinogen activation and the onset of acute pancreatitis

31 March 2020

1 reference

Prognostic value of cathepsins B, H, L, D and their endogenous inhibitors stefins A and B in head and neck carcinoma

31 March 2020

1 reference

Prognostic significance of cathepsins B and L in primary human breast cancer

31 March 2020

1 reference

Deregulation of both imprinted and expressed alleles of the insulin-like growth factor 2 gene during beta-cell tumorigenesis

31 March 2020

1 reference

VEGF-A has a critical, nonredundant role in angiogenic switching and pancreatic beta cell carcinogenesis

31 March 2020

1 reference

Protective role of cathepsin L in mouse skin carcinogenesis.

31 March 2020

1 reference

The lysosomal protease cathepsin L is an important regulator of keratinocyte and melanocyte differentiation during hair follicle morphogenesis and cycling

31 March 2020

1 reference

The lysosomal cysteine protease cathepsin L regulates keratinocyte proliferation by control of growth factor recycling.

31 March 2020

1 reference

31 March 2020

The lysosome turns fifty

1 reference

The role of autophagy in cancer development and response to therapy.

31 March 2020

1 reference

mTORC1 senses lysosomal amino acids through an inside-out mechanism that requires the vacuolar H(+)-ATPase

31 March 2020

1 reference

Metabolism. Lysosomal amino acid transporter SLC38A9 signals arginine sufficiency to mTORC1

31 March 2020

1 reference

SLC38A9 is a component of the lysosomal amino acid sensing machinery that controls mTORC1

31 March 2020

1 reference

Macropinocytosis of protein is an amino acid supply route in Ras-transformed cells

31 March 2020

1 reference

Human pancreatic cancer tumors are nutrient poor and tumor cells actively scavenge extracellular protein

31 March 2020

1 reference

Transcriptional control of autophagy-lysosome function drives pancreatic cancer metabolism

31 March 2020

1 reference

The Utilization of Extracellular Proteins as Nutrients Is Suppressed by mTORC1.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cancer-associated lysosomal changes: friends or foes?

31 March 2020

1 reference

A drug repositioning approach identifies tricyclic antidepressants as inhibitors of small cell lung cancer and other neuroendocrine tumors.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Lysosomal disruption preferentially targets acute myeloid leukemia cells and progenitors

31 March 2020

1 reference

Transformation-associated changes in sphingolipid metabolism sensitize cells to lysosomal cell death induced by inhibitors of acid sphingomyelinase

31 March 2020

1 reference

Heat shock protein 70 promotes cell survival by inhibiting lysosomal membrane permeabilization

31 March 2020

1 reference

Lysosomes and oxidative stress in aging and apoptosis

31 March 2020

1 reference

Regulation of apoptosis-associated lysosomal membrane permeabilization

31 March 2020

1 reference

Stat3 controls lysosomal-mediated cell death in vivo.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Stat3 controls cell death during mammary gland involution by regulating uptake of milk fat globules and lysosomal membrane permeabilization

31 March 2020

1 reference

Lysosomal membrane permeabilization induces cell death in a mitochondrion-dependent fashion

31 March 2020

1 reference

Lysosomal protease pathways to apoptosis. Cleavage of bid, not pro-caspases, is the most likely route

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cysteine cathepsins trigger caspase-dependent cell death through cleavage of bid and antiapoptotic Bcl-2 homologues

31 March 2020

1 reference

Tumor necrosis factor induces the loss of sphingosine kinase-1 by a cathepsin B-dependent mechanism.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsins limit macrophage necroptosis through cleavage of Rip1 kinase.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Lysosomal membrane permeabilization and cathepsin release is a Bax/Bak-dependent, amplifying event of apoptosis in fibroblasts and monocytes.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsin B contributes to TNF-alpha-mediated hepatocyte apoptosis by promoting mitochondrial release of cytochrome c

31 March 2020

1 reference

TNF-alpha-mediated lysosomal permeabilization is FAN and caspase 8/Bid dependent

31 March 2020

1 reference

Lysosomal membrane permeabilization in cell death

31 March 2020

1 reference

Lysosomal involvement in cell death and cancer.

31 March 2020

1 reference

RGD-dependent binding of procathepsin X to integrin alphavbeta3 mediates cell-adhesive properties

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsin S controls angiogenesis and tumor growth via matrix-derived angiogenic factors.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cysteine cathepsins S and L modulate anti-angiogenic activities of human endostatin

31 March 2020

1 reference

VEGF-A induces angiogenesis by perturbing the cathepsin-cysteine protease inhibitor balance in venules, causing basement membrane degradation and mother vessel formation

31 March 2020

1 reference

Stimulation of angiogenesis through cathepsin B inactivation of the tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases

31 March 2020

1 reference

Proteomics discovery of metalloproteinase substrates in the cellular context by iTRAQ labeling reveals a diverse MMP-2 substrate degradome.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsin L is responsible for processing and activation of proheparanase through multiple cleavages of a linker segment

31 March 2020

1 reference

Heparanase promotes lymphangiogenesis and tumor invasion in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsin L is required for endothelial progenitor cell-induced neovascularization

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsin K-mediated Notch1 activation contributes to neovascularization in response to hypoxia.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Pericellular proteolysis in cancer

31 March 2020

1 reference

Proteomic identification of protease cleavage sites characterizes prime and non-prime specificity of cysteine cathepsins B, L, and S.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Lysosomal protein turnover contributes to the acquisition of TGFβ-1 induced invasive properties of mammary cancer cells.

31 March 2020

1 reference

RAB7 controls melanoma progression by exploiting a lineage-specific wiring of the endolysosomal pathway

31 March 2020

1 reference

Radiation-induced cathepsin S is involved in radioresistance

31 March 2020

1 reference

Differential gene signatures in rat mammary tumors induced by DMBA and those induced by fractionated gamma radiation

31 March 2020

1 reference

Imaging tumor-stroma interactions during chemotherapy reveals contributions of the microenvironment to resistance

31 March 2020

1 reference

Inhibition of Cathepsin S by Fsn0503 enhances the efficacy of chemotherapy in colorectal carcinomas

31 March 2020

1 reference

Beneficial effects of cathepsin inhibition to prevent chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsin S required for normal MHC class II peptide loading and germinal center development

31 March 2020

1 reference

Gene targeting of the cysteine peptidase cathepsin H impairs lung surfactant in mice

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsin L deficiency as molecular defect of furless: hyperproliferation of keratinocytes and pertubation of hair follicle cycling

31 March 2020

1 reference

Impaired bone resorption in cathepsin K-deficient mice is partially compensated for by enhanced osteoclastogenesis and increased expression of other proteases via an increased RANKL/OPG ratio

31 March 2020

1 reference

The cathepsin K inhibitor odanacatib suppresses bone resorption in women with breast cancer and established bone metastases: results of a 4-week, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial

31 March 2020

1 reference

Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors and Cancer--Trials and Tribulations

31 March 2020

1 reference

Tumour microenvironment - opinion: validating matrix metalloproteinases as drug targets and anti-targets for cancer therapy.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cysteine cathepsin S as an immunomodulatory target: present and future trends.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsin K: its skeletal actions and role as a therapeutic target in osteoporosis

31 March 2020

1 reference

Brain pyroglutamate amyloid-β is produced by cathepsin B and is reduced by the cysteine protease inhibitor E64d, representing a potential Alzheimer's disease therapeutic

31 March 2020

1 reference

Inhibition of carcinoma cell invasion and liver metastases formation by the cysteine proteinase inhibitor E-64

31 March 2020

1 reference

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 triggers the angiogenic switch during carcinogenesis

31 March 2020

1 reference

Increased invasiveness of MMP-9-deficient tumors in two mouse models of neuroendocrine tumorigenesis

31 March 2020

1 reference

Trial of the cysteine cathepsin inhibitor JPM-OEt on early and advanced mammary cancer stages in the MMTV-PyMT-transgenic mouse model.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Ferri-liposomes as an MRI-visible drug-delivery system for targeting tumours and their microenvironment

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsin inhibition induces apoptotic death in human leukemia and lymphoma cells

31 March 2020

1 reference

Induction of cell death in neuroblastoma by inhibition of cathepsins B and L.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Systems-level analysis of proteolytic events in increased vascular permeability and complement activation in skin inflammation

31 March 2020

1 reference

Targeting therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma with doxorubicin prodrug PDOX increases anti-metastatic effect and reduces toxicity: a preclinical study

31 March 2020

1 reference

Selective cancer targeting with prodrugs activated by histone deacetylases and a tumour-associated protease

31 March 2020

1 reference

Design of a paclitaxel prodrug conjugate for active targeting of an enzyme upregulated in breast cancer cells

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cysteine cathepsins and extracellular matrix degradation.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Carboxy-monopeptidase substrate specificity of human cathepsin X.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Human cathepsin X: A cysteine protease with unique carboxypeptidase activity

31 March 2020

1 reference

Human cathepsin X: a novel cysteine protease of the papain family with a very short proregion and unique insertions

31 March 2020

1 reference

Mannose 6-phosphate receptors: new twists in the tale

31 March 2020

1 reference

Demonstration of tumor suppression by mannose 6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cysteine cathepsins: cellular roadmap to different functions

31 March 2020

1 reference

Pericellular mobilization of the tissue-destructive cysteine proteinases, cathepsins B, L, and S, by human monocyte-derived macrophages

31 March 2020

1 reference

pH-induced Conformational Transitions of the Propeptide of Human Cathepsin L

31 March 2020

1 reference

The occluding loop in cathepsin B defines the pH dependence of inhibition by its propeptide.

31 March 2020

1 reference

The inhibition of cathepsin S by its propeptide--specificity and mechanism of action

31 March 2020

1 reference

Potency and selectivity of the cathepsin L propeptide as an inhibitor of cysteine proteases

31 March 2020

1 reference

A cysteine-specific lysosomal transport system provides a major route for the delivery of thiol to human fibroblast lysosomes: possible role in supporting lysosomal proteolysis

31 March 2020

1 reference

Magnetic resonance imaging of pH in vivo using hyperpolarized 13C-labelled bicarbonate

31 March 2020

1 reference

Acid-mediated tumor proteolysis: contribution of cysteine cathepsins

31 March 2020

1 reference

Bicarbonate increases tumor pH and inhibits spontaneous metastases

31 March 2020

1 reference

Network analyses reveal pervasive functional regulation between proteases in the human protease web

31 March 2020

1 reference

Identifying and quantifying proteolytic events and the natural N terminome by terminal amine isotopic labeling of substrates

31 March 2020

1 reference

Proteome-wide analysis of protein carboxy termini: C terminomics

31 March 2020

1 reference

Protease degradomics: a new challenge for proteomics

31 March 2020

1 reference

A role for cathepsin L and cathepsin S in peptide generation for MHC class II presentation

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsin S controls the trafficking and maturation of MHC class II molecules in dendritic cells.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Essential role for cathepsin S in MHC class II-associated invariant chain processing and peptide loading

31 March 2020

1 reference

Impaired invariant chain degradation and antigen presentation and diminished collagen-induced arthritis in cathepsin S null mice

31 March 2020

1 reference

Role for cathepsin F in invariant chain processing and major histocompatibility complex class II peptide loading by macrophages

31 March 2020

1 reference

Thymocyte expression of cathepsin L is essential for NKT cell development

31 March 2020

1 reference

A family with Papillon-Lefevre syndrome reveals a requirement for cathepsin C in granzyme B activation and NK cell cytolytic activity

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsin H is an additional convertase of pro-granzyme B

31 March 2020

1 reference

Human and mouse perforin are processed in part through cleavage by the lysosomal cysteine proteinase cathepsin L.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Surface cathepsin B protects cytotoxic lymphocytes from self-destruction after degranulation

31 March 2020

1 reference

Three-dimensional invasion of macrophages is mediated by cysteine cathepsins in protrusive podosomes

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsin X cleaves the beta2 cytoplasmic tail of LFA-1 inducing the intermediate affinity form of LFA-1 and alpha-actinin-1 binding

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsin X cleavage of the beta2 integrin regulates talin-binding and LFA-1 affinity in T cells.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsin H mediates the processing of talin and regulates migration of prostate cancer cells

31 March 2020

1 reference

Proteolytic networks in cancer

31 March 2020

1 reference

A splicing twist on metastasis

31 March 2020

1 reference

A multigene assay to predict recurrence of tamoxifen-treated, node-negative breast cancer

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsin B: a potential prognostic marker for inflammatory breast cancer

31 March 2020

1 reference

The role of cysteine and serine proteases in colorectal carcinoma

31 March 2020

1 reference

Expression of Cathepsin B and L antigen and activity is associated with early colorectal cancer progression

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsin B, L, and D activities in colorectal carcinomas: relationship with clinico-pathological parameters

31 March 2020

1 reference

Immunohistochemical study of cathepsin B. Prognostic significance in human lung cancer

31 March 2020

1 reference

Immunochemical analysis of cathepsin B in lung tumours: an independent prognostic factor for squamous cell carcinoma patients

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cysteine proteinase cathepsin H in tumours and sera of lung cancer patients: relation to prognosis and cigarette smoking

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsin S in tumours, regional lymph nodes and sera of patients with lung cancer: relation to prognosis

31 March 2020

1 reference

Determination of cathepsin B expression may offer additional prognostic information for ovarian cancer patients

31 March 2020

1 reference

Prognostic impact of cysteine proteases cathepsin B and cathepsin L in pancreatic adenocarcinoma

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cathepsins and osteosarcoma: Expression analysis identifies cathepsin K as an indicator of metastasis

31 March 2020

1 reference

Stefin B deficiency reduces tumor growth via sensitization of tumor cells to oxidative stress in a breast cancer model.

31 March 2020

1 reference

Cystatin C deficiency promotes epidermal dysplasia in K14-HPV16 transgenic mice

31 March 2020

1 reference

Membrane association of cathepsin B can be induced by transfection of human breast epithelial cells with c-Ha-ras oncogene.

31 March 2020

1 reference

12 December 2020

Cathepsin B expression and laminin degradation as factors influencing prognosis of surgically treated patients with lung adenocarcinoma

1 reference

12 December 2020

Protease research in the era of systems biology.

1 reference

12 December 2020

Immunostained cathepsins B and L correlate with depth of invasion and different metastatic pathways in early stage gastric carcinoma

1 reference

12 December 2020

Expression of cathepsin L in human tumors

1 reference

12 December 2020

Pericellular pH affects distribution and secretion of cathepsin B in malignant cells

1 reference

12 December 2020

Cellular pH gradient in tumor versus normal tissue: potential exploitation for the treatment of cancer.

1 reference

12 December 2020

Eradication of glioblastoma, and breast and colon carcinoma xenografts by Hsp70 depletion.

1 reference

12 December 2020

pH-induced conformational transitions of the propeptide of human cathepsin L. A role for a molten globule state in zymogen activation

1 reference

12 December 2020

Cathepsin B, a prognostic indicator in lymph node-negative breast carcinoma patients: comparison with cathepsin D, cathepsin L, and other clinical indicators

1 reference

12 December 2020

Prognostic impact of proteolytic factors (urokinase-type plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, and cathepsins B, D, and L) in primary breast cancer reflects effects of adjuvant systemic therapy.

1 reference

12 December 2020

Generation of active myeloid and lymphoid granule serine proteases requires processing by the granule thiol protease dipeptidyl peptidase I

1 reference

12 December 2020

Expression, proliferation activity and clinical significance of cathepsin B and cathepsin L in operated lung cancer

1 reference

12 December 2020

Prognostic value of the cysteine proteases cathepsins B and cathepsin L in human breast cancer

1 reference

12 December 2020

Identifiers

DOI

10.1038/NRC4027

1 reference

PubMed ID

26597527

Dimensions Publication ID

5 September 2017

0 references

1 reference

PubMed ID

26597527