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This page is a translated version of the page Wikidata:Glossary and the translation is 2% complete.
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Elements of a statement, from item Q42

Wikidata je datowa banka wědy, kotruž kóždy móže wobdźěłać. Tuta strona je referenca za wužiwarjow a pospytuje konsistencu w terminologiji wutworić, kotraž nadźijomnje pomha, diskusiju a komunikaciju mjez wobdźěłarjemi polěpšić.

Glossary
Aliasy (na wužiwarskim powjerchu tež znaty jako mjenowane) su alternatiwne mjena za elementy, kajkosće a naprašowanja, kotrež dadźa so na samsne wašnje kaž pomjenowanja (titule) za pytanje wužiwać. Podobnje kaž pomjenowanja su wone specifiske za rěč, ale na rozdźěl wot pomjenowanjow móže tak wjele aliasow kaž trěbne być. Hlej Help:Aliasy.
Article placeholder is an extension to display stub articles and to start Wikipedia articles based on a view of Wikidata items. See mw:Extension:ArticlePlaceholder.
Badge (značka) je družina znamjenja, kotraž so sydłowemu wotkazej přidawa, kotraž na přikład móže nastawk jako "wuběrny nastawk" na specifiskim sydle identifikować. To budźe funkcija w přichodźe.
Category item, template item and module item are Wikidata items with sitelinks to categories, templates, or modules on Wikimedia sites. When the last sitelink is deleted, these items are generally deleted (see Wikidata:Database reports/to delete).
Claim (twjerdźenje) je dźěl wuprajenja bjez referencow.
Commons (or Wikimedia Commons) is a Wikimedia project to store images, audio, video and other files. Wikibase includes three different datatypes to link from Wikidata to media files, geographic shapes and tabular data. Commons is adding statements to files as mediaentities.
Completeness is an assessment of available data with a measure for coverage. At Wikidata the presence of an item or statement does not imply that all similar items or statements are present. Wikibase does not include any completeness indicator. Quantity properties can be used to compare with available statements or items. Example: The item about states of the USA has a statement with quantity 50. One can compare that with the count of uses of the item. A few tools attempt to measure completeness. To some extent, property suggester and suggestion constraints indicate elements missing to complete items.
Complex constraint (or custom constraint) is a constraint defined by a freely chosen SPARQL query in a template on a property talk page.
Conflation is a type of error, usually on an item, where aspects of several distinct concepts are mixed together. For example, an item with the date of birth of one person and the occupation of another person with the same name.
Constraint is a rule for how a particular property should be used. For instance most identifiers should have only one value, so there is a single value constraint on them. A special kind are called complex constraints.
Constraint report can refer to a series of periodically updated pages for each property based on constraints or a special page for an individual item or other entity.
Cradle is an editing tool to create new Wikidata items based on a form with predefined properties and values.
Datatypes (datowe typy, tež data value type abo value type) woznamjenjeja družinu datowych hódnotow, kotryž hodźi so kajkosći připokazać, a kak so datowe hódnoty w kóždym twjerdźenju składuja. Hlej Special:ListDatatypes za tuchwilu k dispoziciji stejace datowe typy. Kóždej kajkosći so předdefinowany datowy typ připokazuje.
Data namespaces are namespaces for pages that hold Wikidata entities. The data namespaces in Wikidata are the main namespace for the Wikidata items, "Property:" for properties, and "Lexeme:" for lexemes.
Date (or time or timeValue) is a datatype for property values. It allows to enter dates in different precisions and enables date calculations in queries. Hour or minute precision isn't supported. The Wikidata property for the date of foundation has such values.
Wopisanje (description) je za rěč specifiska wopisowaca fraza za element, kajkosć abo naprašowanje. Podawa kontekst za pomjenowanje (je napřikład wjele elementow za městna z pomjenowanjom "Cambridge"). Wopisanje njetrjeba potajkim jónkrócne być, ani w rěči ani w cyłym projekće, ale dyrbi hromadźe z pomjenowanjom jónkróćne być. Jónkróćnosć za kombinaciju pomjenowanja a wopisanja je kruta nuznosć, kotraž dyrbi spjelnjena być, prjedy hač změna da so składować.
Disambiguation item is a Wikidata item with sitelinks to disambiguation pages. This is its only purpose. Generally, it has a claim with je=Wikimedia-Begriffsklärungsseite.
Duplicate is an entity, generally an item, about the same concept as another entity. Duplicates are usually merged creating a redirecting entity. Special types of duplicates are temporary duplicates, permanent duplicates, and true duplicates.
Editing interface is a view that allows to add or modify data. These views are the default view, the Commons structured data interface, Wikidata bridge, and a series of API-based tools, notably QuickStatements, Cradle, PetScan, OpenRefine or the Pywikibot framework.

Entity (entita, tež data set (datowa sadźba)) je strona Wikidata, kotraž móže pak element (we hłownym mjenowym rumje), kajkosć (w kajkostnym mjenowym rumje) pak naprašowanje (w naprašowanskim mjenowym rumje) być. Kóžda entita so jasnje přez entitowy ID identifikuje, kotryž je prefigowane čisło, kotrež so na přikład z prefiksom Q za element, P za kajkosć a U za naprašowanje započina. Entita so tež přez jónkróćnu kombinaciju pomjenowanja a wopisanja w kóždej rěči identifikuje. Entiće hodźi so tež sadźba alternatiwnych wjacerěčnych aliasow připokazać. (W ontologijach a katalogach knihownjow, kotrež so jako referenca za Wikidata wužiwaja, je entita zwjetša tema abo předmjet z woprawdźiteho žiwjenja abo jeho reprezentacije w datowej bance a wotpowěduje w tym konteksće tomu, štož so we Wikidata element mjenuje.)

Other extensions may define new types of entities. For example:

Entity selector allows picking an entity by entering part of its name and selecting it from a list of search results. For items, the results are based on the labels and aliases. The description is displayed, if there is one. Example: type "human" to pick Q1156970 from "human (Q5) common name of Homo sapiens", "humanity (Q1156970) total world population of human", etc. This is different from the Property Suggester.
EntitySchema is a special type of Wikidata page containing a document in ShEx format, and related metadata. Although it may have labels, descriptions and aliases similar to items, it is not a type of entity. Entities may be validated against an EntitySchema using the ShEx2 — Simple Online Validator tool.
External identifier is a type of property — a string used in the database of external organizations. Some properties have external identifiers as values. They uniquely identify an item, although the uniqueness is not enforced by software, but controlled by constraint. For example, an ISBN for a book or the unique part of the URL of a movie or an actor in the Internet Movie Database.
Federation query is a query through a service available on Query Server allowing to access databases other than Wikidata.
Form is a string of characters that occurs in a particular grammatical context for a lexeme. Every Lexeme may have multiple forms. Forms are identified on each lexeme by the Lexeme ID followed by a dash, the letter "F" and a number. Forms may have statements just as other entities do. They are also assigned grammatical features such as "plural" for Form L1298-F2 ("forms").
Historic information is included by qualifying it with a date. If information is no longer current, date qualifiers are added instead of statements overwritten. Historic information is different from incorrect information
Human (or instance of human) is a Wikidata item about a person or an individual. It has a claim with je=čłowjek.
Incorrect information is a claim supported by a reference, but generally considered invalid or inaccurate. While Wikipedia generally excludes such information, Wikidata's deprecated rank allows to flag such statements. This helps avoid a situation in which it's deleted and erroneously re-added as valid information. Incorrect information is different from historic information
Instance of, subclass of, and has part (also class or type) are used on Wikidata to refer to the properties je, podrjadownja wot, wobsteji z(e), and a few other related ontological properties, their values, or items using them.
Item (element) je strona we hłownym mjenowym rumje Wikidata, kotraž "tema", "koncept" abo "předmjet" woprawdźiteho žiwjenja reprezentuje. Kaž druhe entity Wikidata, so elementy přez entitowy ID identifikuja (elementowy ID je čisło prefigowane z Q, na př. Q1), a přez jónkróćnu kombinaciju wjacerěčneho pomjenowanja a wopisanja, a jemu hodźi so tež alias připokazać. Elementy zestajeja so ze sydłowych wotkazow k zwjazanym stronam. Móža tež z wuprajenjow wobstać, inkluziwnje pory kajkosć-hódnota, a ze žórłow. Po prawidłach relewancy za Wikidata su tuchwilu jenož elementy dowolene, kotrež maja znajmjeńša jedyn sydłowy wotkaz k nastawkej Wikipedije.
Item identifier: see QID below.
Label (pomjenowanje, tež znate jako name (mjeno)) je mjeno za elementy, kajkosće a naprašowanja. Zwjetša to je najwažniše mjeno, pod kotrymž zapisk je znaty, abo najbóle powšitkowna abo lochko zrozumliwa fraza, jako kotraž je znata znutřka projekta. Znutřka Wikidaty ma rólu titula we Wikipediji a wužiwa so jako primarny srědk za rozeznawanje zapiskow. Za elementy njetrjeba jónkróćne być, ani w rěči ani w cyłkownym projekće, ale hromadźe z wopisanjom dyrbi jónkróćne być. Za kajkosće a naprašowanja (hišće njedefinowane) dyrbi znutřka dateje rěče jónkróćne być. Jónkróćnosć za kombinaciju pomjenowanja a wopisanja je kruta nuznosć, kotraž dyrbi spjelnjena być, prjedy hač změna da so składować, byrnjež so w přichodźe snano wotstroniła.
Pomjenowanja měli specifiske konwencije za wulkopisanje swójskich mjenow a frazow dateje rěče wužiwać, kaž to hodźi so za specifiski zapisk. W lisćinach wopisanja pomjenowanju slěduja, tak zo so jako jenički lisćinowy zapisk přidawa. Pomjenowanja kaž tež wopisanja dadźa so njewotwisnje ekstrahować a wužiwać. Hlej Help:Label.
Lag or database lag at Wikidata is a delay in the update of data on other projects or Query Server.
Language attributes (= rěčne atributy) su wot rěče wotwisne pomjenowanja, aliasy a wopisanja, kotrež so elementam, kajkosćam a naprašowanjam přidawaja. Wone su wot čłowjeka čitajomny tekst, zo by rozumjenje wobłuka elementa wosnadniło, na přikład specifiski typ entity realneho swěta. Jeli faluja, dadźa so někotre z nich přez znmamješkowe rjećazki z druhich rěčow wuměnić, kotrež jako narunanske rěče funguja.
Language code is an identifier for the language of a label, description, alias, or monolingual text value. The language codes for labels, descriptions, and aliases are shared with other Wikimedia projects. More codes for monolingual text are defined specifically for Wikidata. Lexemes use some of these, as well as some additional codes or items to identify the language in lemma, gloss, and form. A language code is also assigned to sitelinks. Codes are based mostly on IETF language tags.
Language fallbacks (also language chains) are methods to systematically replace missing language attributes with strings from alternate languages. The exact replacement rules can be chosen depending on the type of page, whether the user is logged in, or the user preferred languages.
Lexeme is an entity of Lexicographical data. It contains sense and form sub-entities, but no sitelinks. Instead of a label, a description, and aliases, lexeme entities have a lemma (possibly more than one, for languages with spelling variants), a language, and a lexical category.
LID (or L number) The identifier for a lexeme entity in Wikidata, comprising the letter "L" followed by one or more digits.
Listeria (or Wikidata list) is a tool to show data from Wikidata in list form at Wikimedia projects. Data is periodically updated by bot.
Hłowny mjenowy rum je mjenowy rum, hdźež wšě elementy su. Wuznamjenja so přez falowanje prefiksa.
MediaWiki je softwara, z kotrejž projekty kaž Wikipedija a Wikimedia Commons běža; hlej MediaWiki.
MediaInfo is a type of entity used to describe files. It's activated on Wikimedia Commons.
Metastrony (Meta pages) su wšě strony, kotrež entity njejsu, t.r. k datowym mjenowym rumam njesłušeja. Metastrony Wikidata wobsahuja njestrukturowany wobsah, kotryž so přez konwencionalny kod MediaWiki reprezentuje, a snadź tež přez přichodny klientowy zapřijimanski kod Wikidata. Přikłady su diskusijne strony, kategorijowe strony, projektowe strony (w mjenowym rumje Wikidata) a strony pomocy (w mjenowym rumje Help). Metastrony wopřimuja tež wobsah a daty, kotrež so přez softwaru MediaWiki awtomatisce generuja, na přikład historiju změnow strony abo specialne strony.
Name item is a Wikidata item about a given name or a family name. Such items are used as values for swójbne mjeno or předmjeno and can include additional information and sitelinks.
Namespace (mjenowy rum) je fyziske dźělenje stronow w MediaWiki, zo by je po wužiwanju dohromady abo po přidatnym zadźerženju zeskupił. Přikłady su mjenowe rumy za kategorije, dataje, wužiwarjow, a w padźe mjenowych rumow Wikidata za elementy, kajkosće a naprašowanja.
Object See Subject
Order of statements is generally determined by the view being used and not significant. Many views display data retrieved or entered first before other. Some views sort or allow to sort statements based on qualifier value, statement value, property, or datatype.
Page (strona) měni stronu w někajkim wikiju z jónkróćnym titulom, na přikład nastawk (strona we hłownym mjenowym rumje Wikipedije). We Wikidata móže so zapřijeće "strona" na entitowu stronu (w datowych mjenowych rumach), na metastronu (w druhich mjenowych rumach) abo na zwjazanu stronu (eksterna strona we Wikipediji abo druhim projekće Wikimedije) poćahować, t.r. na referency, kotrež sydłowy wotkaz wužiwaja. Strony we hłownym mjenowym rumje Wikidata jednaja wo elementach, a jedna strona móže jenož wo jednym elemenće jednać.
Predicate See Subject
Prefix Used in the query service.
Project is a term often used in the Wikimedia movement to refer to a Wikimedia wiki. In Wikidata, the term usually refers to Wikidata itself.
Property (kajkosć) je deskriptor za datowu hódnotu abo sadźbu hódnotow, ale nic datowa hódnota abo datowe hódnoty same. Kóžde twjerdźenje na elementowej stronje zwjazuje z kajkosću a připokazuje kajkosći jednu hódnotu abo wjacore hódnoty. Kajkosć so jako entitowa strona w kajkostnym mjenowym rumje składuje a wobsahuje deklaraciju datoweho typa kajkostnych hódnotow. Nowe kajkosće so na Wikidata:Property proposal namjetuja a wopodstatnjeja. Wšě kajkosće měli so na Wikidata:List of properties (WD:P) nalistować. Wužiwanje kajkosće so na jeje diskusijnej stronje diskutuje. Najwjace kajkosćow hodźi so přez parametry infokašćika a kategorije Wikipedije zwobraznić, hlej Wikidata:Infoboxes task force. Zapřijimanje kajkostnych hódnotow do infokašćikow Wikipedije (z pomocu zapřijimanskeje syntaksy) so za kóždy infokašćik a Wikipedijowu wersiju jednotliwje čini.
Property suggester provides a preselection of properties when adding statements to Wikidata items. These are based on the frequency of the properties on similar items. Example: on an item with je=čłowjek only, suggestions could be splah, powołanje, datum narodźenja. These may or may not be appropriate for the specific item. This is different from entity selector and suggestion constraints.
QID (or Q number) is the unique identifier of a data item on Wikidata, comprising the letter "Q" followed by one or more digits. It is used to help people and machines understand the difference between items with the same or similar names. For example, there are several places in the world called London and many people called James Smith. This number appears next to the label at the top of each Wikidata item.
Kwalifikator (qualifier) je dźěl twjerdźenja, kotryž praji něšto wo specifiskim twjerdźenju, husto na wopisowace wašnje. Kwalifikator móže zapřijeće po specifiskim wokabularje być, ale móže tež wšelaka wopisowaca fraza być (jeli te zapřijeća abo frazy su swobodny tekst abo dźěl wokabulara, by to najskerje nadawk zhromadźenstwa Wikidata było).
Quantity (incorrectly number) is a datatype for property values. It allows to enter integers or decimal numbers. Optionally a unit or a bound can be included. The Wikidata property for population has such values. Numeric identifiers are not quantities, but external identifiers.
Query (naprašowanje) je předdefinowane pytanje přez elementy. Naprašowanje je wopisowar za předdefinowane pytanje, ale nic wotpowědniki generowane přez pytanje. Kóžde pytanje wopisuje so a definuje so na swojej stronje a ma swój identifikator.
QuickStatements (QS) is a third-party tool that can edit Wikidata items, based on a simple set of text commands. The tool can add and remove statements, labels, descriptions, and aliases. It can also add statements with optional qualifiers and sources.
Rjad (přichodna funkcija) je kwalitny faktor, kotryž so za jednore wuběranje/filtrowanje w padach wužiwa, hdźež je wjele wuprajenjow za datu kajkosć. Su tři móžne rjady:
Redirecting entity (or redirect) is an item or a lexeme that redirects to another item or lexeme (target). As in many uses these would need to be queried specifically, a bot usually replaces redirects used as values with their target.
Reference (= Referenca) abo source (= žórło) wopisuje pochad wuprajenja we Wikidata. Žórło same je často element, na přikład kniha. Wikidata nochce na prašenje wotmołwić, hač wuprajenje je prawe abo nic, ale jenož, hač wuprajenje ma referencu. Štož su płaćiwe referency, ma so mjez wobdźěłarjemi Wikidata debatować.
Repurposing is changing the definition or scope of an entity, in general an item, by editing its label, description or statements. Generally to be avoided.
Sandbox or sandbox items are series of items, properties and other entities at Wikidata to test features within the Wikidata live database. Examples: item Q4115189, property Property:P369, EntitySchema EntitySchema:E123, lexeme Lexeme:L123.
Sense refers to a specific meaning for a lexeme. Senses are identified on each lexeme by the Lexeme ID followed by a dash, the letter "S" and a number. Senses may have statements just as other entities do. They also allow a "gloss": a free-form description of the meaning (one per language).
Site (sydło) je referenca na eksterne websydło w cyłku, ale w sydłowych wotkazach poćahuje so na specifiske zregistrowane websydła, kotrež dadźa so za interne pytanje wužiwać. Tute sydła so přez globalne sydłowe identifikatory abo krótki siteid referencuja. Siteid hornjoserbskeje Wikipedije je na přikład hsbwiki. Zwjetša spočatnym pismikam slěduje poddomena zregistrowaneho sydła na Wikimedijowych projektach. Wotkazowanje na tajke sydła móže wobmjezowanja měć. W aktualnej instalaciji móže kóžda eksterna strona jenož jedyn wotkaz měć, kotryž je we Wikidata zregistrowany a jedyn element móže jenož jedyn wotkaz ke kóždemu zwonkownemu sydłu měć.
Sitelink (= sydłowy wotkaz) je identifikacija zwjazaneje strony abo nastawka na druhim sydle Wikimedije kaž na př. w rěčnej wersiji Wikipedije. Zestaja so ze sydłoweho identifikatora a titula sydłoweho wotkaza (titul nastawka) a wjedźe wot jednotlwych elementow we Wikidata. Wužiwa so za identifikowanje elementa z eksterneho sydła kaž tež jako centralne składowanje mjezyrěčnych (mjezywikijowych) wotkazow. Sydłowe wotkazy móža připowěsnjene znački měć a pokazuja zwjetša, zo strona je status wuběrneho nastawka abo podobny status měła. Hlej Help:Sydłowe wotkazy.
Sitelinks between Wiktionary editions are generally not provided through Wikidata, but another function.
Snak is a technical term of Wikibase software which data users are most likely to encounter when accessing Wikidata through the MediaWiki API. It refers to the combination of a property and either a value or one of the special cases "no value" and "unknown value". Snaks can be found in claims (then they are called main snaks) or in qualifiers as part of statements (then they are called qualifier snaks). E.g., in the statement "Emma Watson was a cast member of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone in the role of Hermione Granger" there is a main snak "was a cast member of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone" and a qualifier snak "in the role of Hermione Granger".
Statement (= wuprajenje) je jedyn dźěl datow wo elemenće, kotryž je so na jednej elementowej stronje zapřijał. W najjednorišim padźe je wuprajenje jenož por "kajkosć: hódnota" (na přikład "Kraj: Němska"), ale často móža wuprajenja dalše kwalifikatory měć (na přikład časne kwalifikatory). Hlej datowy model. Wikidata tukanja na prawosć wuprajenjow nječini, ale hromadźi a zdźěla je z referencu na žórło. See Help:Wuprajenja.
String (krótko za character string, znamješkowy rjećazk) je powšitkowne zapřijeće za slěd swobodnje wubranych znamješkow interpretowanych jako tekst na př. "(Halo") - na rozdźěl wot datow interpretowanych jako numeriska hódnota (3,14), wotkaz k elementej (na př. [[Q1234]]) abo bóle kompleksny datowy typ (sadźba {1,3,5,7} ). Wikidata budźe datowej typaj "monolingual-text" a "multilingual-text" jako hódnotu kajkosće podpěrować, wobaj stej datowej typaj znamješkoweho rjećazka. Hypotetiska kajkosć "předmjeno" za Abrahm Lincoln by na přikład "Abraham" była.
Subject, predicate and object are terms sometimes used to describe a claim when viewing entity, property and value as a triple.
Suggestion constraint is a status of a property constraint that provides suggestions of additional improvements. This can be statements with other properties to be added to the item.
Term is a part of entity, includes label, description and alias. Terms may only be plain text (i.e. not containing any wiki markup).
Termbox is the zone at the top of an item page, which includes the labels, the descriptions, and the aliases in different languages.
Title (Titul) je mjeno eksterneje zwjazaneje strony (tež znaty jako titul sydłoweho wotkaza), mjeno metastrony abo entitowy ID entitoweje strony. Jeli strona k hłownemu mjenowemu rumej njesłuša, titul ID mjenoweho ruma wobsahuje.
Triple (or "semantic triple", or "triplet") is the atomic data entity in the RDF data model, which codifies statements in the form of subject–predicate–object expressions.
Unit is a Wikidata item used with a quantity-value. Frequently used units are metre or EUR, but any item could be used as unit. If the unit includes a Umrechnung in SI-Einheit statement, quantities with the unit are normalized based on that. See mw:Wikibase/Indexing/RDF Dump Format#Normalized values.
Values (hódnoty, abo datavalues (datowe hódnoty)) su informacije zasadźene w kóždym twjerdźenju. We wotwisnosći wot jich datoweho typa móža jednotliwa hódnota (kaž ličba) abo hódnota, kotraž so z wjacorych dźělowa zestaja (kaž geografiske pozicije z dołhosću a širinu) być. Internje su z twjerdźenjemi přez "snaks" zwjazane.
Value type is the way values are stored internally. Each data type corresponds to one value type. For example, although external identifier, Commons media and mathematical expression are different datatypes, they all use the "string" value type. Values for some data types contain multiple parts with different value types. For example, a quantity contains four parts: "amount", "unit", "upperbound" and "lowerbound", the last two being optional. Unit is a URL which points to a Wikidata item; the other three parts are numbers in string (not floating-point number).
View is a way data can be visualized or accessed. Besides the default view, Wikibase offers views for mobile devices, as well as for rdf and json formats. The data can be accessed with an API. Data on Wikidata is mirrored on Wikidata Query Server offering various result views. Some of the views are editing views, others not. Examples of tools and extensions that provide custom views are Reasonator, Article Placeholder, and Listeria.
Wikibase je softwara za Wikidata. Zestaja so z třoch rozšěrjenjow MediaWiki: Wikibase, Wikibase client a WikibaseLib. Rozšěrjenje Wikibase (za serwer Wikidata často repo mjenowane) zmóžnja instalaciju MediaWiki za hromadźenje a wothladowanje strukturowanych datow a budźe so na websydle Wikidata wužiwać. Rozšěrjenje Wikibase client (často jenož client mjenowane) zmóžnja instalacije MediaWiki, zo by daty ze serwera Wikidata na swojich stronach naprašowało a zwobrazniło, a budźe so we Wikipedijach rozdźělnych rěčow a najskerje tež na druhich sydłach nałožować. Rozšěrjenje WikibaseLib ma zhromadne biblioteki za wobě hłownej rozšěrjeni.
Wikidata je projekt Wikimedije, na kotrymž instanca MediaWiki z rozšěrjenjemi Wikibase běži. Zmóžnja wobdźěłarjam Wikidata, daty zapodać a strony přepytać.
Wikidata Query Service (or WDQS) is the official service for querying Wikidata using the SPARQL query language.
Wikimedia is the name of a movement which consists of people and organizations. Wikidata is run by the Wikimedia Foundation together with other wikis such as Wikipedia. The Wikibase software is mainly developed by Wikimedia Germany which is one of the national Wikimedia affiliations.
Wiki is a website that can be edited by the visitors quickly. Wikipedia and Wikidata are wikis.

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