Aide:Libellés/principes généraux
Cette page présente des principes généraux à propos des libellés de Wikidata indépendants de leur langue.
Les libellés peuvent être ambigus
Comme dit précédemment, les libellés ne sont pas nécessairement uniques. Les Descriptions ajoutées aux éléments permettent de les distinguer
- Exemples:
- Cambridge est le libellé d'une ville d'Angleterre (Cambridge (Q350)) comme d'une ville au Massachusetts (États-Unis) (Cambridge (Q49111)).
- Michael Jackson est le libellé d'un artiste américain (Michael Jackson (Q2831)) et d'un informaticien britannique (Michael Jackson (Q92948)).
Un reflet des usages courants
Parce que le but est de utiliser le nom qu'une un élement serait connu de par la majorité des lecteurs, les étiquettes devraient refléter l'utilisation courante. Pour les noms scientifiques,
- Exemples:
- Le libellé de common sunflower (Q171497) est son nom usuel, alors que son nom scientifique (Helianthus annuus) est présenté en alias.
- De multiples noms usuels existent pour association football (Q2736). Le plus courant est sélectionné comme libellé, alors que les autres sont listés en alias.
Utiliser des libellés de genre neutre
If the label is different in the male form and in the female form, it is recommended to use a gender neutral form if it exists in common usage (i.e. use a form that applies to males and females). Avoid using the male form as a generic form when possible.
- Examples :
- firefighter (Q107711) : firefighter is gender neutral and fireman is a male form. It is better to use firefighter.
La page Wikimedia peut orienter
To figure out the most common name, it is good practice to consult the corresponding Wikimedia project page (for example, the title of a Wikipedia article). In many cases, the best label for an item will either be the title of the corresponding page on a Wikimedia project or a variation of that title. There are a few pitfalls to be aware of.
L'information d'homonymie fait partie de la description
When a page title includes disambiguation, either through commas or parentheses, the disambiguation should not be included in the Wikidata label. Disambiguation information should instead be part of the description. For example, the Wikipedia article for London, Ontario has the label London (Q92561) and the description "city in Ontario, Canada" on Wikidata. The Wikipedia article Michael Jackson (writer) corresponds to Michael Jackson (Q167877) with the description "English writer and journalist". Nor should this rule be observed with too much zeal. New York is probably the best label for a state on the American east coast, even if "New" originally was a kind of disambiguation. "(6415) 1993 VR3" is the official designation of an asteroid. The parentheses is here not a disambiguation. The parenthesis of "Hemsjö (norra delen)" is a part of the designation Statistics Sweden has assigned this entity. Neither should the commas in "Edshult, Hulskog, Lida och Bäck", a group of villages in Sweden, be regarded as a disambiguation.
But note that for other client wiki namespaces like "Category" and "Template" the labels should be identical to sitelinks (the disambiguation parts shouldn't be removed), as these types of pages usually have only one common type of descriptions and there may occur API errors of non-unique pair consisting of label + description when trying to set descriptions to other items.
Ingorer les dates sauf si elles représentent quelque chose d'important
Depending on the specific case, dates either should or should not be left in the label. For cases where the date is of significant importance, including regularly scheduled sporting events (2006 NBA Finals (Q170590), Switzerland at the 2008 Summer Olympics (Q128127)), annual seasons or time periods (1992 Atlantic hurricane season (Q170613), 2008–09 FC Barcelona season (Q170605)), or events where the date is part of the common name (Great Blizzard of 1888 (Q170652)), the date should be included in the label. If the date is incidental, it should not be included.
Suivre les conventions de l'espace de noms Wikimedia
Wikimedia sites can contain several types of pages that are found outside of the main namespace (for example, non-article pages in Wikipedia). These include templates, category pages, help pages, and Special pages. If a page normally displays on a Wikimedia site with a namespace in front of it, you should keep that namespace in the label. If the label begins with "Wikipedia:", "Category:", "Template:", or "MediaWiki:" you should also include the page title without "Wikipedia:", "Category:", "Template:", or "MediaWiki:" as an alias if the namespace exists in Wikidata. This is important because Wikidata includes some of the same namespaces as other Wikimedia sites and consequently the Wikidata search will not function properly when trying to search for an item with a label that begins with an existing namespace on Wikidata. For a list of namespaces in Wikidata, see here.
- Examples:
- Wikipedia page: Wikipedia:Blocking policy
- Wikidata label: Wikipedia:Blocking policy
- Alias(es): Blocking policy
- Wikipedia page: Portal:History
- Wikidata label: Portal:History
- Alias(es):
- Wikidata does not have a "Portal" namespace. Consequently, adding "History" as an alias is not needed.